      ãصС˵ www.27txt.com ӭȥŶݵ㡣վԴȫתԻ֧棬ȨУ




   
Ͻby () 
[¥]  :ħŮ ʱ:2005-07-26 16:52:45 : Ԫ ٷ̳    

   Ͻ 

1 

ǰҵĸ׼ݱһ꣬ʮҵǻΪҲʲôӢţҲǸ׵ĵӣҵĸ׺ңǶǶ޼ΪʲôңţǸԭȨĻԻϣҵı氲һҵĸĸס 

Ҵڣۣϵڱϵʱֻһľż֧ҵ־һֱڲҵҵǻº֪ԺͶΪ㵽˽Сıһֱյģ֣ӵʵȨŮûߵǰ̨ 

Ȼϵ֣ 
ежĵģû֣Ȩȴӵ֣ҫһҺ⡣ҵһԴʮΪһЩһѪ֮ҵһֱûлָʱһЦŸҵͯ˵֣֮λ֮Ҳֻһ塣ǲϲ˵Ȼţҵ῵ġòңಡ齣ΪıȽ͸ҲҲģǰҺܺĳҩ˵һЩΪĻˡ 

İϰ֡ҽѧʼʱգʮˡʮ䣬ÿרϰ־ĸʱӲϣȻ޷д֮ҵУǿɹпҵĲһ˿ġһӵΪʲôԳҵʦûи֮ҲҪ졣 

һ˹Ŀˣպʮ꣬ۺϸͳ˵һ˿ǿϢһദѾˣҰҽѿ£˵ҪҼȥȴ֪ǷӦ 

Ѿ紺ˣ԰еѩѾڻˣӭĽɫھӨı֡ 
Щתˣݰɡⲻ֪ʲôʱҵ󣬰˺ã˿ƤëԳǱĹƷѩֻڹǳѩĶſ춯 

ѾǴˣļתƵǵһֱǾˮûͣеıʣΪֻдֿʹҵ侲ڳƵбƽ͡ 
ղּ̫Ĵμӡ 
Ҳȥʮ׵ľܾˡ 
ҵƽҿӡⳡսʼǰʱҳλδٹɣϷƻңһʱ䣬֣ڽɽսʮΣ͢ɳƽѴ˧ҵĳع˧ع 

ǵ˽ϣ¶ɽսնѾеһ죬ҵ塣ǳ쳣ҵսսתۣԺ󣬳͢ľռϷ磬ǳʤ׷һĹչľս֮սһսɽ׽Ѿ˧ҵ壬Ӷƽҡ 

Ĺͣ˵޷ãֻԳӭӣ̫ƺĬ뷨 
ûбʾȨ 
û˵ߡʱھţ𽥸оеıЩ͸¶ҵ¡ 
ȥһ 
ǡ 
ҲǸˣ˵֣ûбҵȨ 
еʱһĺӡҵ§סңҷ±ʣĻСǱ˴˺ϤķʽҴӳڲȱ׵۰ҵĸ׺ҵĹϵҲ䵭˵ЩˣΪǵλϣҴûгϡ 

⣬Ϊʲô㲻ҵĸ硣ҵ 
Ҳĸ磬ȻΪӣȨ޴ѡ 
գ칫Ҳġ 
ǵĽֵþˮȫùˣŴ󿪣⾡ľӡ 
ֻһʽʵϣǰѾ˳⣬ûнǡ˵ǻƵգֻнսǲſʹֻ֣ҵʱܺЦ֣һͳ£ֻ˵֪һ˵һ߹ˡ˵ʲôҲشˡ 

ֻû˵ӿԱġ 
ûгǣʱԡҵϣһֱڳš 
ǲŵģݵȺķҵȫġ 
⣬ϳ¥¥ܸߣӦÿԿġҺ뿴ľӣһҵλӢˡ 
ԣ֪¶ǺܲʵΪһС 
վڸߴ档 
ųɺĶ飬˳ʱĵȴǵĶȻȻ 
һοҵ磬عһɫȺ޵ŵĵزκ˵ע⡣ 
еҵߣ̧ͷߡ 
ǵһ࿴ţվڸ߸ߵĳ¥ϣվڳ⣬ɱڵľӡ 
Ҫ췴ǵľ޷赲ɡߵ⡣ 
ǡ 
¼棬ΡûзӦʱҵĻУЦŶ˵һȥȻͱ۾ 
֣赹ˣ촫̫ҽ⼱еģң³¥ĵȥһֱס֣ûа취ֻ档 
еĿռܿҲоӵ 
ĻУԳԵЦţһĵΡ 
һǲ뿴 
֪ 
һһѵǷҵȫҵͻȻɭͬʱҸеµΪҵ仰˸ 
ָסΪʲô£Զ㣬ֻҪ㲻ѡҲԭ±ҵˣ׽ˡ [ī] 
















2 

װǰգԸˣҪһ֣ 
ӭӵĿǰʢĳӭӢۣʧ 
ˡտʼЭˣǲʾһᰲĵһ˰ڲľ 
ż 
һںкȾƣӨİʢ͸Ľϴع 
ġǵɫζһЩ࣬ĸо 
Ȼһ˿ӡ 
ػĹõģ־ƣֻ 
ˡһָоͷۣȲǸоƶˣ 
á 
ţҴԸʱѾǵıˣʧȥ 
յ侲Գ֡ 
ȻģĻûʲôĸı䡣 
ڽΪλүĽӷʢ磬ûгϯں 
ơ 
һҡҡλվߵ޹ſڣȻоһס 
ӣ˭һ䡣 
£¾Ȼһ˾͸ػҵĴơǸת 
ǰ£ɫɴ 
ڵˡ 
ˣˡ 
㡣˾Ʊһڡžĵҵıӡ 
ϣ㹻شҵ⡣ 
ðɡʱʵѾǺˣֻ֪һ 
֮ʹҵļƻƻҪˡ 
ŵĵ߽ 
 
ˣŵĵһ̿͡ 
֪ 
Ĳ˵ 
Ҳ֪ 
סҵ°̧ͣͷôһҲ㡣 
һ֣ĵ֣ҸȾƣһˣ 
ɣ㲻ҪȵˣҲɱ㡣 
һĽͣϸоΧϢ 
֣ҡ 
ֶһƣҲ˵߰ɣûиıע֮ǰ 
һںɳУֻ۾Уҿ۾ 
ϡıʯһ˵۾û˵ľĳĹ 
 
۾Ҷ˵ 
һЦʧںҹС 
ˡ 
ôİɡûлͷֻǿеľ 
 
ǡ 
ҵһε֪ʵݣŵĵһ̿ͣͷС 
ȡЦˡ 
ѵûҵࡣˣҸ 
ȫΣҵõʲôĽ죬ҲŴһ 
֪㵽ʲôˡ 
Ҫ˵ңҴûʲô㲢ûҡ 
⣬ܲá 
ӣĹˡ 
һͷЦֻӣѾˣ 
ǰѾǻΪ֣ˣң·ϡ 
߹ùҵľƱסҡ֪鲻ã 
ǲҪңҪҵġ 
ģ֪ҪʲôΪʲô㲻ң 
Ҳܻ 
ʲôþġ 
С 
ߡ 
С֣ 
ƿѽ֣һܶ˴ڽҹ̶ 
һɱĻУȨһߣβסң 
Ϣ 
ˣҲľżѵʱһ仰 
ԭһֱΪԼǲУ 
ıҡ 
ܳΣһŻ۵Ӱȫߣ 
ס޷޷ 
ʵ 
˵ 
˭˭ǵ˭ѽ 
Ǻɡ 
оֱסˣů 
ˡ 
ѺڴѾˣһֱҵߡ 
ÿһεѪĻָĸҵ 
ŻҵģѪˡ 
ǾƣԺ󲻻ٺˣԷˡ 
ҡΪҡܼᶨ̧ͷֱֱҵ۾ 
⣬ҪĿң֪ƯǲҪջ 
ҡ 
ͷҴˣ˵ĻûлӦ 
Ҳһ 
ˡҷɵˡҲ㣬ҵĲԡ 
⣬û뵽ˣ˵ĺܶԣȷʵ㳨أ 
ҸеĻᡣЩҲ㽲ģЩһ 
еġ 
ĺ̡ܲһʵĸо 
̣Һγǡ [ī] 

















3 
һ󣬲ϣһʫʱ䣬 
˽ 
ү 
 
Ѿ˹ˡ 
 
...... 
ҿֹΪѣͶ˵˵Ѿ˯ˣ 
͡ 
ү˵Ǿ¡ 
⣬Ѿˣ˲֪ѵ֪𣿾 
ʲôʱֵˣ̫ȥ 
˵̫ġ 
̫󣿿ҲǲˣƫȺһ·ȥ 
Ҳһᣬϲ衣ˣٻŮ¡ 
ҳǺɫģׯصĺڣý˿֮̾ϣ 
︡Ҳϲֻشͳ 
ŻᴩšƽʱҺϲɫ·Щ֯İɫ 
ӣĻţҲܻ 
عҪˣʵҶƵΪ˵㣬һ 
Ľѵ޷㣬쳣Ҷ 
ôͽ⣬ԭ㣬һϰ 
ҽеĴѵĺ 
޷͵ʡ 
·ƫعĻ 
֣ɺãλĴæս¸ᣬҵ¶࣬ûн 
֣̽ 
ʵĵǺܵ塣 
ˣƽңͿ๦ߡ 
뿪ҵΪѵĻ⡣ 
ҿһǵע⣬֣þòѽӦ 
ûʽˣȻڳ¥ϣǲʽ 
ġ 
ǸϽվ 
ƽ£ȴ˵ 
֣¼ܣɷݳࡣ 
ҿһۣʾ뿪 
ǡӦһˡټĹֻˡû˽ 
ġ 
֣̫뿴Ĳ顣 
Ŷνľʲô 
ʲôҪľ¡ 
վˣ֪ˣˡ 
عף겻㻹Ǻ䵭ѽͻȻߵҵǰ 
ˣļǿᣬ⼸ѧ᲻ٶҿ 
һ˿ʹ࣬ԭ 
û 
֮䵽޷صĵز 
ǡ 
Ϊʲôң֪¸ߵģȴߵ 
¥ϣΪ˿һҿˡعף֪ʱ 
ĺܸˣΪԭˡ 
硣̾˿ǸСĶӣ⼸꣬ҳƺΪ 
֣ѾܾûгƺҵֵΪˡҳϣ㣬 
ҴûҵУʹɵĸ飬Ȼ 
ԭҲԭģ֣ׯлȪĸҿԸ 
㣬ʹ˻ȪҲԭġ 
˽ʱĴΡ 
Σҵʱܼ㽫Ҷĸȫ˸ 
ڽУ˵ҡҵǰ 
ˣЩԼԸҪҽˣֻ 
Ϊλӡҵĸ飬֪һ֮ 
ϵ¶ĸ֪̫֮λǱ˵ˣ 
ֻҡ 
ȫعף֪Ϊ̫֮λҴӳʼܵ 
ʲôѵһ룬ĳƻҵ 
ջʥ˵ǣңҲ 
ʥˣǶǸҹҵʱһУԶ߸ 
ɡǣʵһЩȻȨ֮ 
䣬㣬ͬʱǱȫˣûȨ 
κεõ˾ģ˷ 
ٵõĲͼֻǿȨſ 
쵽 
龰£˵Ļ䣬еֻԼ֪ 
һֱϲ׽ĸ磬һĴңֱһ 
죬ҿһƯĹһҵȼ˷ 
ļʣҲ֪ҶĸѾˡ 
ҽ߾׽ϣ˽ҵĸ飬ֺ 
˽ɵĸ飬ҲǼĺࡣ 
һ죬ˣ˵ˣ޷Һͱ 
˵ʹǸҵĸ硣Ҷ˵Ҳҵĸ硣˵ 
˭ңİҡĻҵҲ 
ˣһҹ˵һΡ 
ҹڳǵʹУҾĻУһ̣û 
죬ûδ·ܾļ£Ȼо 
ԽԽ̵ľ 
޶۵û˽ʲôǰףڿʱѾ 
ˡ 
һֱԼƵξС 
ܿ죬ң֮˸û˵ 
ȫֻ˵ҰĽʹŭĽڽ 
Уگ飬 
ұĽǰһҹȥϣԿһΪ 
֪ǷԻ߳Ľǣҿһ 
һһ̣ҸоرˣһǻѪڶ 
ܶˣõѾǲϸˡ 
Ǳ˵ĸоȻʹྭʱĳֻ£ 
Ũ 
˵˵ȥɽȻҪǲĿġžɨϵĲ 
ˡ⣬ү 
⿴ǣĶع˵롣ͬʱҲں 
ơ 
عָ侲֣ౣء˵ˡҿ 
ıӰΪ⣬Ӱˣһֱǰߣûл 
ͷ 
Ϣһ°ɣĲٶ 
ӽ쿪ʼǾҪˣ֪عԡѪսΪ 
ңΪԼҪ֣ｭɽǱ˽ 
Ĳɽӡ 
ҲĺʧܣҲһж˵ߣܾˣ 
˵ҵ֣عУԶҪģΪ 
ҪĶԥҡ 
ɽ˵Ҫ 
عȻò㣬ͻİĶ 
ΪʱգȻ [ī] 

















4 
ҵĳعȫŴҸ׵ŵ㣬иĲŻ 
ҲǶ˵Ŀعһ׽Ϊĸԭع 
ĸѤŮ 
֣ӵĳһأĸ׵ĳֻע 
ĳסعӵһ١ 
ûе̫ӵҰģǲǵˡ 
֣Ķ棬ҳƺֻƺ֣ǰʲô 
ʣ軹ðɣǴӽϴĲ裬ժ 
ˡ 
ã֣Ĳ裬һ顣ˣЩ 
ˣлֹġ 
֣ˣô˵ӣֵܡ 
عᵭȴŨŨĸ顣 
ȻûھУǽеЩ²ס㡣 
ûʲô뷨ֻ֪ڽϵսУɼ 
Ǽλ塣 
ֱ֣˵ 
һ̫ǲΪʲô 
֪ܲ 
Ĳ֪ǲ˵ 
ԡ 
ҲûбѽĴʵѾ֪ˣ 
ôѽеʱҲԼЩʲô 
ǵСʱǺܺõģС⣬ 
ԶûеĶ 
ѣǵɡҲһУ 
ǻǵΪһ͵ġ 
ڿȻ˺䲻㲡 
ǣȴ 
Ӧѡǡ 
һû˵ȥıҪˣת˻⡣ 
֣˵ɩҪˡ 
۾˲俴ңȻһݶ񶾡 
Ȼ֮䣬ˡعʱս⣬ûлؼң 
Ϊʱ衣ȻϣʱѾȫȻı 
ˡ 
֣֮Ҹ鵭Įֵܸѵãģ 
ҲҪˡǸŮˣҪǿ͸һ԰ 
ҪǲҲܲࡣǸӣϣ 
ףҵѪͳۣԣŮҶ 
ĺӡ 
Ĳ֪˵Щʲôɶתȣֻ޼ʵ 
ʧ䡣 
گ˾㣬֣ƽ̹ģ 
Ȩ֮ҲкܶĿѡ 
ʲô 
֪鹫֮ڣֺγ롣 
ǶײҰɡ󣬲ǣġ 
 
عڹסЩӰɣ񣬲ҪЩĵˡ 
Ҹ˽ϴԵĴơ 
ӣҺġ 
緢عֻ־ʱſչüͷεȵ 
ѽ 
Ķͷ磬ɣʲô˰ɡ 
ҸһŮóҵ޹ 
ʹֻںŮĵвƬ̵滺 
û 
Ϊ۴ʲôıҵľ 
ֵˣҲûʲô˵ˡعֵ֮ 
䣬ǵڹҲǣо֮ˮ 
ԭ򣬺ϵõѲֻ࣬ܵܺա 
ҳϯսѾϽˣǾְ 
λգ֮͢ڣֻӵĳƺ 
ţعڷ޹ϵ֮䣬ҲȻǵĮģû뵽 
ǸŮ˾Ȼ¡ 
ҵĳ֣ҵϣЩҾ޷̵ġ 
Ȼعǣݲ 
С 
Ϊʲô㲻 
Цˣҵĸѽһϵĸ硣 
⣬һˣǴûзʲô 
Ȼ㣬ѽ 
ҹһ䣬ȥȡһӡ˯ɣҹ 
Ұĵı۾ 
գҽּϳĳƺţΪˣ߽ 
̡ 
ľ·ڵ˵ȥ߽ˣǶһҲҪ 
ġҺ˵Ļظɱˡ 
û׷˭ô˵˱Ȼܵ 
ģ֮øĽΪǸˣ  
һУΪºӡʱˣع 
ؾ֮ǰ̥һûн 
һŮˣΪ˸˵¸ңعޣҲ 
Ҳ˵þ顣 
عޣԽάˣҲԽ˺ع 
Ҳġ 
عظʱһѾתˡ 
Ĵźˣûᡣ 
Ǵ˵ϲ˾ʼ 
ԩѽҴûмǸŮˣҴûйŮˣ 
ԹڵĻ 
عʮ˽ң򣬺ǡ 
鵽һȷʵҵϡ [ī] 

















5 
ʵҵĴҲСҴûкĵһ˵ 
ŵֻԼķʽ⣬˾ơ 
ңͷѣڿϡ 
ҵ屾Ѫ缲Ѱ· 
ҵѾĲ֪Ǻˡ 
ǰ죬㲻˵˲ 
Ѿû˵ˣ֪Ҳ 
޷ԼһƱ·ûֻ꣬ƾϰߣһ 
һڵĺţ׵ʱѾˡ 
ľѹڶͷϣһһֲס֡ 
Ѿ˶ȫΣǣȻƲԼ 
 
УʼոоĴڣҺǰġ 
ǰıѣʹҲκ˵ĸ飬ڣȴ޷ʹԼ 
ֵʱšֻǣĴ̫ˣһʧܣ 
֮ˡ 
ȻܲԸ⣬һǱȥһ˾һЩ鲻ȷܲ 
Ǻ顣 
˻Ի͵ǰŷ˵С磬ͷͨһ 
ݷþү 
˳ǫ˳ 
λӵĳƺҲûػ 
˵幫ӵáûи˭ 
һĹعӭӣҲܴûи߱ҵ 
ݡ 
Ĺعˡ 
һϮ£ټϲ԰׵ԳüŨڣ͸ 
һӢֻȦںڵģ۾Ѫ˿ʹӢдһЩ 
 
԰ˮУҾƣҲ͸͸ 
ҲһϣаһȣʶĴ򿪺ϣ 
򿪺ϡ 
͸¶飬ҵ͹ǸŮеĵ 
λ 
ָеľɫţ԰еĴͣ˵ 
ˡ 
֣ˡ 
֣˵£ʵҲûʲô顣һ 
ǸĹŮҪϲΪ檣һЩ 
ǮҲСھѡѡż 
ҵˣٸּ⡣ 
˵ĺףѡͨһأҲٳ 
ˣͬʱǸŮҲͬģΪǹˡ 
ҹмеȫ̫ѡġ 
ǡ 
ǸŮôûѽ 
ϣǸӻš 
Ӳ 
Ǹк 
Ŷ 
չ 
˭ѽ 
ʹ͵ĹŮ֣ûע 
ûС 
֣Լĵ䵭ѽ 
⻰ôϤҺ˼Ŀ 
ִδ 
֣׼óӡ 
û˵˼˼ 
ӡعû뵽㾹ȻΪһŮ˵ĺ 
Ȼҡ 
ʱ۾ 
Σ˵ðɡʲô֡ 
ȻԯȻ 
ˣܾûн 
ҶȣǸյߣĴʹܣ 
裬ٰѲ豭ȻϣãԼ 
޲Ŀǿڡ 
֣ӻӦԼϷھ㣬ҿ 
ǴӱĹбİɣ˵Ǳ壬 
Ȼ֣ơ 
Ѿһһһסġ 
ԯϾҵϣôԯʥģҲκ 
 
ڳĬ˺ܾ֮Ӧˡ 
ǣл֣ͷҿ 
뵽СʱʱǸӡҼǵãС 
ϲӣϲСӣϸĵǣЩ飬 
ֵܲġԼԭһ뿪 
ܵˣǲ׷ģ𣬵˺ 
һܳӣֱɱġ 
ܶǰˣΪּǵõҲϸ 
ЩʱЩ뵽ʱ顣 
û˵ѾȫˡҲҵ˵ڶλ 
ᣬһǵңڵĻҲûС 
Ҳϲ˷ʱҲϲĸЩĪ 
ˣΨһİ취ǣԶҪ鷳ҡ 
ߵǰ̧һ˿ľţǾȻ˵ 
ҺĴԣȷʵˡ 
ָĦ°ͣûЩ֡ 
֣ϣ´˵ʱԿңһᰲĵġ 
ǡ 
֣úñأ㻹ȻҪչˣ㲻ʧȥҲ 
ʧȥ 
ǡ 
ˣ֪һֱҵıӰ 
֪һ̿ʼعǰԴˣǲ 
ֵȴ޼϶ֵܡ 
еȨǵϵ 
Ȩǲġ 
ҲΪȨҿⰴҵԸ顣 
ҵһθоȨĻԵĿУָо񴼾ƣ 
֪Σյģȴϲ԰Ρ 
ҵһζȨȤȴΪʲôɽ𢣬°գ 
ΪԼΪһƵԸ޼ɵʵʩ [ī] 

















6 
㣬ҼҵĹΣӡ 
ѾˣЪˡҾޡ 
е飬ٵʱ䲻˯ɡûͣеıʡ 
ҵǰһûһ˵ 
֣ĪԺ뵱һֵ 
ҲóȥС 
漰⣬˭Ҳ̸ 
֣Ѿľ磬Ǵûмʲô֡ 
дΪƽ̬Ϊҫġˣ⡣ҷ˱ʣ 
Ǵûпϲ˵ʲôҾһ飬ϣ 
̹ϣǸʲôˡ 
 
ŵ 
ԭǣ˵Ѿλˡ 
ʲôĹϵ 
Ѿǵڶˡ 
Ŷĺܴ 
ʵҿԿеʲô£ҾȻ 
ʱ˵һЩ档ͬʱҳԾǣҲʡȻڲ 
۽лǹ⣬ҺĹϵҵͯҲһ 
ΪҺϲ֪ͱ˵Ĺϵ֮ûмʡ 
ܶˣ޷ҵҿعʱĿ̹ǵĳޣ 
ҳˣǣ˲ѽ 
Խ 
ҼҲû˵һֱҲ 
һҹ 
һҹδߵͻҵ۾ŨŨĺȦƫƫ 
³֮գٲȥҲڳ֮š 
ŹΪҸ¡ 
ڷݻĺɫ۵ĳ£Եҵ㲡Ҳò 
ȥȻǿּʹ 
Ҳ޷ܡ 
ӿЦ 
ڵϣǿȻҺܾûϳȴûڳ 
˯ŵ 
ٹ֮վعĺعǵĴȻһ£ÿ 
˵ñϸԼ飬װӺݻ 
˼Ѿˣ񲻼õȫά 
ѡ 
֣֣ᡣ 
˽ҡҼһ£˿棬񲿵٣ʲ 
ôҶʲôãȻĿߵ⡣ҡҡͷȻ 
ҲûŪôһ¡Ŭ۵ӣͻȻú 
ЦʵѾЦ˳ 
ٹٷ·˾ţһ̧ͷҡ 
ôˣʡ 
֣һ˹˳ʷҦ򡣱£谮 
¹̨Է٣ʹ߸ɽջˮҪ 
࣬ˣһƬɽ 
Ĳɲ˭ˣ 
ͳ죬⡣ 
Ŷ£˿⣬Ҳ¶һ˿Ȥ 
ҦңһˮָŮˣһŮˣǺ󹬵 
˵Ϊˮ 
˵ԺҹƻͨͱµĵЦ 
Ļϣ֣ٳãȷ 
Ŷ˵ģҲ֪ԭĶĿѾ빬֮ˡ 
ǺбҪˡҦ㵨ҹȻڳ֮ 
аĿһӸְʷ 
٣ָ㳯ĵʧְ𣬶ſڴƻơ 
ѽ 
֣ĸϵҪֹɱ 
ҲҦģһĸķԸǽʱͬ 
գ̫ 
֣һΪ˴֣ɽ£ûκ˽ 
ġȻƽ 
Сӣ̫ٶۣ޿ֵĿɽǽ 
޷Ըˡ 
û˽ģߡҦΪʷӦϤ֣ɷڹа 
Ŀͼıڳ֮ϻٰͼ 
졣Լ㣬һĴк֮ 
£ҽֻɱһˡ 
һӺ˳˽̱˵ϡ֪һ˵ 
˭˭ҲֻĿععһ 
£żȻ۹⣬ȴп˼ޡ 
¿ǰϵĹԱ 
ѽҦҦ· 
ǡԵʿסҦ˳ȥ 
ҵһ˵ĶΪ붯Ҧ⣬ҲԸ 
Ļᡣ 
ǰûʲôʧ°е飬ֻǲᳯ 
λ̫УȻ˵ҹγɫûʹ 
սҺͱ 
ڵȶҹʢȴݳ֮ 
һ޵ҹҹϸ裬ۿ 
УֻǳҹֲŵƵңǲһЩ 
˵ЩǵĿоȻ˵Ĳ 
ŵ¹ŵˣкĸо 
Ҳȫˣǵ˼ȫǰ뷨޷ 
ͬǵʲôġͻȻһֺܶĵĸо 
ععûй£عǿĿңڼ 
⡣ 
֮ĵһν棬һҦ򣬱ķʤ 
ʹٹһӹ֣ȴס⡣ 
ЦǺܿЦġ 
վ˳˵ҵ 
̫ϸϳ˳һ˳ 
ٹٹˡ 
߳˴ 
ġ 
Ѿĺˣȴȡ 
ʣͻȻһδҵϣбб˿䣬 
һ 
δҵɽѽ [ī] 

















7 
ҵ游ҲŲսѾңԶˣǹ游Ĵ˵ȻϤǸˣһж쳣ҫۡʱһ͵͵ҵĸǷǸ˵ʸ´ഺڵֻһ߸ 
游ڶɽսУһֱһѽʱգǽ֣佣 
ǽ֣ûֻ֪˵游ĵպйءĸǵպҸ׼λ֮ǰǻʺ 
ɫһĽд޼᲻ݵᡣĻƵһֻŰٺϻͷڽβеһʯʯɫģؼ亱񣬶ħ۾ 

ӵһûʵ֣游ġ 
ӵһʵֻ֣游׺֪ù׭Ŀ˽ڣǳӵ⽣ǲעġտʼҺ֣Ϊʲôû֣ͼٻֵĵطûгɹֻн 

Ҳֻ⽣ʱ򣬲ſֵĿ־塣 
ڽβɵӣʹȥޱȻ 
ӱ޵Ŀγ̣ҲģҵĹһ㣬ֻ֪ǰҵõ⽣ʱͬʱõһףصĽܹŹ֣Ƿ·רΪ⽣õġöǽʱһƵĸƻЩҲȷʵŻҡΪһýԵУĸһضʧܡ 

ⲻһý 
⣬㿴轣ʱʲôһԵ⡣ 
Ů 
ǿ佱ҡ 
ʱȷʵ 
һݣʰɡ 
ֻʵʵ˵ 
û˵ʵǰָˣԭҿֱ۾ұ̧ͷɺӡ 
Ľ˲еһˣǼ죬ǣͣסˣЩźӱҡ 
ɱ¾ߣޡ 
бĳ⼸֣˿ߡ 
ϴǼˣҵ 
ҵˣҪ 
һˡ 
Ÿ 
ûõģ˾ŸǻɾŸġҺ 
һȺǣ⳼֪νĹ͢š 
ԭЩ˵ģԭ飬Ҳ֪ġ 
ڲͬѾҷˡ 
ǣȫɺá 
ǸõķһȺūţô˵أ 
֪ 
ЦţȻǻǾǿʲôǻΪɡ 
ȫ֣ǰȱСԺ˭Ҫ˵ϸ롣 
һҹգһףҪ˵Ļǡ 
ˣˡһС̫Żŵ˽ 
ôˡ 
ҵӾзһ䡣 
ղɽˡ 
оġǶ֪ɽǴ֣һɽ 
ΪɽѾΪɽʷعɽʱͳһһȺҳݳһɽı磬ǷҪء 
еǶңָ˵Щʲôǣʲô˵ġ 
̫󣬰ռ졣 
ˣҹˣҲɢ˰ɡ 
ʾ⣬˳˴ 
ҿ죬ȻҲ֪Ѿܲơ 
죬Ҫˡҵ [ī] 















8 
ĵľ 
ڷӣ͢ѹֵһֱûеȥ̫ҽҵĲȴ˵һʱָĺܺãֻѹ֣ȥ߶һ²壬Ըԭкܶĺô 

Ҵû֣߳УľҺ޹ϵҵֻнмûʵĹ԰мĻ⳼ļУǸʵ졣Щһ޴ĲգΧС 

ھ¥ϣҵ龹Щ㱡 
幫ӣĽǾǵҪֵϱ򣬱Ǵ֣ǵĳšһЩ󳼵ĹۡҲ·ԡĵطǾľ¥¥ҵĶţΪҽš 

ǳĺǵķҺһھƣü˵Ƶζˡ 
ȻȲļƷϴЩֻǰտܵķƷ߽һˣҵԱˣҲʶѾס˽ǸȴںЩḡĿҡˣţԽ߽ԵߵһǷӡ 

ǰЩʣ־ݶǿģʹһ˿֬죬ժɴһЩ԰ףȥһЩ̬۾ȴȻ 
뵽ǸˣȴĿʾˣ¹Ѿ񹲷ߵĵزйҪһ㣬йĪݳҪκˣΣաӣ˽Ѿкܾõľˣϴһ⡣ 

ǣЦˣö߽й࣬Ϊ˷ֹ鷳 
ˡ 
ĪǹӲš 
ǲҪ 
ʹ죬ҽ⡣ߣǵĹϵѾ˵ľأ 
Ӳ֪顣ʻ 
Ŷ⣬Ѿɹҵļˡ 
ңһһģ˹ӣҲưոݵġ 
⣬Һ⡣˺ٺٸЦ˼ɬĽʱأҲĿĵĵȴȥ 
һꡣ 
ãҵˣʱϣ⡣ 
һᾡġ 
幫ӣǸ˿ңȸǣԵټˡȭ 
λӣε²֪ĴûֻסƱ 
ĪҪֻ֣µֲȻ˵ˣԵӡĽ顣 
еľƱ˵ϣˤ˷顣Ͻץҵ֣ңлˣģҰŵѵϵ鱭ʰˣǸˣǲܲʫС˵еô? 

ǣ̰Ǵ֡ 
ĽݹӹǫˡҸоҪҲⲻһҲľ· 
ȴûߣҵԱߡ幫Ӻ˵ľš 
ЦˣƱûסƱһʱʧ֣ĽݹӲҪֲźáðһ䣬Ľݹӵһֱûиıô 
Ȼ幫֪˺עԼ֣ʦ棬ʮ뽭ʮûиı 
ͬ 
⿴ң幫ӵĲǳҵϡ 
ˣ²ĺܡЩֻǺͨƶϡ 
޻˵ˣˡǰûչʾṦܹصĴӰſڳȥ¥ȥˡ 
⣬һֱ֪֣Ҳ֪еĹϵû˵ɡ 
ǣڽϲܡŵĽ鼸õݡ 
һӦң۽Σ㲻ҪΪǷǳ޴顣 
ǣҴӦԥһ£˵˳ֺԸ𺳡 
ĽһˣĿǰĴκķڣ£κεĻᣬ㲻ҿֻо·һѾãӦú˽˲ǡ 

ԣˣֻǣҲ׵ǣֻ棬̸Ҳûйı¶Ը񣬶͸ 
Ҫ֣ҵĳĻʹ֪һЩ˲Ǻ顣Ϊ˱ʾ𾴣һǲ˵дֵ֣ģ֣ǹ䡣ˣһİǲ˽⵽֣ʵֻƺ 

Щ֪ 
Ҹ׵ԯΪҸ游Ÿӣ游յʱ͸ĸһƱƱôǿ̵ģشĸԾƱסĽݵ㣬ʱ򣬻ʱʱǸ׻֣ʱȻùȡԿҰĺ͵ʵͬһ㡣 

ǣǲ֪ѽ 
ͬ㲻֪ͬġһղҵΪ˶ʱı֡һˣΪĿһǲֶεġˣ⣬Ըңʲô 

ǰĿһֱûһᡣݱҵĿǼֱǰ죬µ 
û׼񣬲ȻĽҲҹﴳСѹ⼸Ǹ޷ҵ㡣ʲôҵͷ 
ǡ 
ǣʲôҺܺ档 
㡣 
ң 
ԣҪõ㡣 
ǽΪʲôǿˣ 
ΪҰдһ־Ľݲ 
⣬ʱҳԾΪʲô 
Ҽǵ˵ֵܶǵõλֱӵѡһйҵõ㣬ζǶ£ڵĳŪĻõλǲܵġعʱѡʱ㣬عѡȫүûмҲ˵鵽˽죬ѾλӵߣҪõ㣬ֻȡϵȨж֣ڡʱ㣬ֻһˣûıûٵĵλκҲܵµǴҲͻ㣬ΪǵĽɱǵҲΪǲʴȵΪֻ֪ûڽʲô޴֪ĽҲҲ뷨 

ġֲҴûоǽϸ˵˳ 
أɽ˲ÿ˵ 
ңǡɽҺΪ֪ûĲſԣһᱣ㣬ȫ㡣 
ȫǰûнܣڣ޷һεĳˡξһɳС۾УΣա 
ˣһעġյҲǵϵ⣬ûױ׸ġ 
ҵĸǹھµˣòȴһ 
⣬ǲ˵Щˣѵóרĵĺȱưɡ 
ǡЩȻûлӦĻǣʹȻ㣬Ϊʲôûء [ī] 















9 
Ҳ²⣬Ҹеۺƣ롣 
һЩһȺˣǾ¥СĽĵˣ롣Ǳ¥õλˣԿĽֵͬʱҲΪλܸߣû¥µ֪Ǵһ峡ģ¥һˡ 

¥б 
һöͳдһЩӺƽһЩݡ 
еģڵİڣһλӺˡ 
С⣬˭ 
ҡҡͷʾ֪Ҫҳȥһ 
أһ¡ 
Ŷҵ뿴λӡû䣬Ϳ类ˣ˹ 
ҿǸ˵ˣһ»ĹӡգݣڿҵɲǼЦˣһˡ 
ûʶ˭ҲҵʱҪ֪ˣҲ˵ĽӽҲͲеһοѡͬʱҲʶֻҪ޷Ǹ˵ħнѣ޿ɱķѾ涨õһ 

λӣȻǿ¥ԵαСС絲סǵԵأˡðˡ 
֮á 
ǵӲһˣһΧôҲ׼ģǵݱй¶ͬʱҲή֣ݣҵľģҲ˵ʲôˡ 

ˣЩʲôСҪˡ 
λӣЩʲôӲҪ 
Ŷˡһֱûע˵ʲô䡣 
ˣˡðʴγƺ֪ôҲ˭Сڣһ֮ˡ 
ðȻ˵αʶҲûгƺΪգ֡ 
գǹٰϽսϯս 
ǣϯսĳƺҵ 
ƽҵսУսԻ͵Ľսбģǰ뾩ʱֻһײߵСûмؾЩӣڸЩʲôҲǺ֮һֱûмԲŲʶġ 

˹ǫˣھк˲֪մ˵ҳΪĽңû뵽˵ᡣһͺΪģǰ;ѽЩҵĻ 

λ...... ߵһҡ 
һѧǳ˵ţˡ²档˵꣬˵ɫЩѿʵҿһֵģҲƭա 
ӹȻϣ۰ҡղҺ͹Ӽʱֻѻ幫Ӿֲ֪ҵλҲ±çЩ벻ҪȻҲƺΪ幫ӣ֪Ρ 

ƽ׽ˣҲ֪Դˡ 
ǹķܺ͹ӰѾƳ̸Ҳ֮õѽ 
˵ķӣղĽ˵ҲǷӣʱе˵Ȥ˹дЩȷһеȡ뵽һЦҲû˵ʲô 

ǸоΧôˣʵһĿҡ 
ôˣλˡ 
ȻûʲôӼЦˡֱһȴ˵һЦѧ¿˵ΪԸɽҲҪһЦԭˣղʧ̬ˣ 

ֻ֪ղŵЦݶͬ𺳣ĸ飬һִκͿҵУһֱΪѾûļ飬һգƷҵ뷨ҵʱһܳԣȻⲻ䵭̬ȣûпһۣǰϼܷ顣 

Ըһִţ׼ʲô飬ʲôˣһעҵȫѪִŵҺܵ˺عңҼʱֻΪĸοҰĽ¡ԺҲκͶע顣 

ɽ׸ģơִҵѪҺУΪҿıʧ·һֱݷȴʱ˵ȴȷˡ 
¿ɷҶЩøС˰׾Щݣʮͣһ಼ѵõĴݣʹղ˵ĻҲȻûҸо˿ĵЦʹҸоϡ 

Ӹ̧ˣѧݣսͬ磬Ҳͬھи£ҲûʲôҪĲ£ֻǰｫżƽʱɡ 
ӣıĻûмٻҲȫ档нżҪΪսеϵֻͨλǵż͵Ǿ鱨ԽӴżȻ򵥡 

Ҫ˵¥ݿͻȻһˣ˵һЩʲôžˡüͷ壬ȻҵĶ˵̫گϽع 
ӿм£ҵͷǸǣˣλ¼£ˡиˡմˣ´ٺȾƣ쿴Ҫˡ 
ӲҪ˿յµĸ֡ 
˵һʵϲá 
ǣǺʱ᣿ 
ڳ˲֪ҪҴ˲¡͵Цһ꣬ϳʱǾͿټˡ 
ãӲҪǣǺڡ 
ڡ 
Һʩ񣬸ǳ¥ʱ򣬹Ȼɿ˻켣¥֮С 
ĺСġ 
Ƚˡ 
⣬Ҵûԭ˵Ķţ˵еսȻһꡣ 
ҸоΡӦòˣҵӡУҳİ˴𻰡쿴ȫһ˵ɣҵǣϯ仰Ҳ١ 
˵ʲô 
 
Ļ޵һעģ̫󵽵ʲô¡ 
֪Ǻүڡ 
 
ǳĬˣ [ī] 















10 
ǵڴϷɳۣΪǰп˿ٶûյľţ·Ҳûˣڳǵĳ⣬ѸٴˣҲûмٶȽ˻ʳǡ 
ŹϵʱΧһӼžķҵ޹ϴװһ£ۡ 
֪̫ͼλүʲô̺ҸµĹࡣ 
ЩūĲ֪ҲūǿԹʵġ 
ǹʵĻ߿ǡʱ˵Ļƽʱˡ⡣ 
ҪϽΪҴ¡ 
ãξˣ´ٸΥСǵԴ߰ɡ 
·˳ȥڵ⣬˵ʵҲδΥҲĲ֪ 
û֪Ҳš⼸ʲôĻɫһǺģһĶǧۣ˳һЩ紵ݶסǣοΡƽʱҲᳯ̫һ㲻ʲôηͬһ㡣 

ȥ 
ˣţΪȫһЩ 
ǡ 
ޱ֣˵СĶˣǸеĻǾȫǽڵǶס컨̴ľļװЩºͷگ鸱 
һ֣ݵ߽˵С⣬ֻĸһˡ 
̫گǰ֪¡̧ͷ˿ 
֣ܾûˡ 
̫ޱ¶岻áĸأôûк̫һ 
ܽ岻ʣôһֱ֪ 
ӦǼǰˣĸ׻ûкã 
ȣ΢΢һϽǰĲ룬һڲ衣Ϊ˵ҪҶǰû̺ˡ 
֣ڳ䵭ҲһѽڹʣǵȰŲ³ϳ˽ûмʰ 
̫˵Цˡĸ׵һ֪ģ岻ֻһЩЩӵİﲻ׻˵ĲҩҽЩ飬̫׵ġҵҲû˵Щǹ͢еĸ£ƺ 

ãǱܿЩ˵˵˵֣¡֮Щ˼ǲ÷ĵģ֣ûеպ󣬺֮ҲһֱҺĸڲٳ֡Щ뵽֣ڽҲ޿ɷ飬֣ϵ£ӦΪҲҪӣΪһЩ֮Ϳ塣 

Ŷ̫ʲôǿʲô 
ЩҲҲ޹ҹƻͨҲʵڳնɱʷ˵ҲвԿʵЩԭûж㽲ʱ㻹СڽԺ˼ԼһЩءղļ˵һЩмҲ񡣾˵һ˹ͺܴ󣬻þһƼѾΪϽˡ 

̫󣬾ҲǵĻʵĵȻǼ񡣶ھǺܾǰˣգȻҲ֪սûнʱѾϽˡ 
û˵ǣҲû˵ĬУˡ 
֣һ˵̫꣬ҲҪڷҵ˽ˣҵһԼŵģԺЩҲٽ鷳̫ˣˡ 
֣㣬ȣȥɡ 
ǡ˳ȥ 
԰Ҳǧ죬ûн⣬һڻʯš̫̬Ⱥ֣ԭʲôβگһ˵飬Ƿб䶯ǷѾңһʲôҲҪʲôҲܵĿܣ˼УѰ 

֣һ˶ˣ¹عҺ˾ơ 
£ 
ʣ߷⣬ַ顣ЩԻˣΪաջҶǵĺøУǶӵĶˡ 
عף֪רŴӽĽϴҪ֪ʱжѣѾܳʱˣ˭ҲղľƣҼǣҵ⼸̳ġҵļϣعס 

ˡǾǰʧǣﲻСѽȴû 
عףôᵽ졣 
ⲻҵĴ 
СͻȻסҵļ磬ǳУЩʲôΪһⲻϧĴۣҪȫ¶ָһӹ֣ǰЩ죬ΪһûᣬΪʲôգʷֱɱ⣬ʹ³֪һջĺþҲͬʱɰĿƣҵһƬġ 

ģ壬һϲ塣һֱԼе뷨ȷ˵飬֪١ֻΪ׽Ǿʹʧȥ֣ҾͿ˰ڲˡĿģ£ĺܸһ˵ڴϣٹǰʹãһҵǰʹã 

ܴӡʲôãôά 
ƭҡ 
֪٣֪ĿҲǸӲԸ 
ĻҾȡ̡ 
........عף̵Ŀɺޡˡ 
⣬ѵѾΪʸ֮ʵʮҵˣʧȥֽһʹģǣȷʵ޷ҵ飬ʱҲ뵽գǸعˡ 

ڵߵУҶ޿԰Ρ [ī] 















11 
һҹߣ峿ʱǿ𴲣·ʼϰ֡ʱΨһİóΪӱʵֶΡ磬Ϊ̿㣬ͬʱңͬһͬ 

ȻҺֱ֣Ͻļ淽ʽһοգ㲻㣬ûʱٴΰݻգҵݣˡ 
˵岻ʣ߿ɺá 
еıʣˣǽɡˣûлȥôôˡߵĹࡣ 
ˣҹ̫һޣڶסġһҹû˯˵һЩʲô˸ɺһĻ̫ʣǷ˶ԲūҲֻ֪ϵһ򲻴Ҳû˵ʲôԣͻ̫˵ûС̫ţ˵Ӻѹһģūֻû˵֪̫ǿˣҲû׷ʡ 

˵ô໰һЦˣȥɡԶˣĻ̫֪ˣѿʲô飬ο飬Ҳ֪ġ 
 
ã 
ãֻӺЩʺϼ͡ 
ҿžеӣͷЩɢֻһ˿ͷһӣΪ˿ϵĲѾɢķ˿ڼˡ쳤ۣҲûƽʱ۵Ͻǡ 

ˣɣҲ޷ˡ 
ҵ޹ʰһЩҵȥǡ 
֣ɺá߽Ϳǹڵϣ˵ƽ 
еǱһЩʣ˵ʱȴƽĶˡл֣ 
ҿʱҲЩšҪౣء˶٣˵ת˻⣬λǵսſýһˣ֮ѽ 
Ͻˣл佱ҵ 
ҵߣס˵ֿ֣ĲӲ룬һ֪ýֲϸĴܲ䣬ֵǣҲûиогҵѩ䣬ֺůĸо˰ġǼģ֪սӡ 

ǣ¥ʱ֪֣ʧˡ˵ʱһֱŵ档 
ġع£ͬ⣬Ѿһ飬ҹһֱƵУûлشҡ 
ա 
Ŷ򵥵ôͶΣ 
Ȼ֣ܲϲܣǳֻиˡ 
ãߺá 
...... Ŀһۣܸˡ߹ҵߵʱҿһۣҲֻͣһ£һȥˡ̾˿ʧ䣬Ҳзɡ 
ҲվԥţվûкعһߣƺЩ޴롣 
岻ʣΪβյĴݡ 
֣̿Եһѹӣ֣ 
Ըյ̬Ȼǽյ̬ȶҡ 
֣ǳ¡ 
ȻҲáգսƽϢ㵽ԺҵĽ 
...... 
ʵҲûбҪô㲻Ը⡣ЩԵˣҳϽȨֻҵǷίⲻڵУϣҡ 

ңּ 
ˣһֱ㣬պټ 
ǣˣգǳ֡ 
һ֪ɽ 
֪ģԴͳһ£˲Űԭ 
Ǽʮǰˣ游ԯںˣֻǼǵһ֣游š 
ʹǴ˵ľһѻŵҲὫġֻЩ˴ԼӹĹ£ԸĹ£ʵѾʷˡ 

ˡ󵨣֪ɽġɽΣʮֵĶܱ֪ͣ˺١ 
ֻ˴ţʦ£˵סɽģӣɽиѽ˵Щˣգ˼ȻסһҲ֪ɡ¡ 

ǣȻΪľӶֻֻ֪ͨƷǵЩЩ˵ƳɾΪԭ 

֪֪࣬ǽ 
ǺҹӦ̫һĵطš 
뿴û뵽㾹ȻȤ 
룬ΪһʦԿһ룬֪⽣Ҫҡ 
˵أҵЩࡣ 
ңԣ 
ԡ....... 
ף......·˺ܴľģԸ⡣ 
Ը⣿ҵˣֻ˵ǽ첻УΪҵĽûֱߣˣȥ˯ǻԱһ£˵ԸʱΪѣѾֻڹΪ 

ãˣҿ⵽ˣͶ˵һȥȪҹû˯ڵˣȥ׼һ¡ 
ǡһۣλء 
գʱɣʱҵľ񲻴 
ǡͷ顣 [ī] 















12 
ôˣһֱЦ 
ֻ뵽˸ղյı飬ˡ 
ڵˮɺá 
ҵ޵޽һܴĳӣȪˮˮΧʯѳɼɽʽ辰һˮˮƣһɾĻþȪ¶Ⱥܸߣʺֱáڵˮ¶ȡ 

ԣãɡȥ£У˱ϡ 
ľʢˮώҵϣˡ 
㻹ǵ 
ЩǵãЩˡ 
һǵãǰһûбĽʱҵͯˡǵһμʱҼǵ㣬Ϊʲô֣޵ֻǴģ˵ʲôţ 
в֮ģΨ޵ķǡ 
ҵʱ㣬⻰ʵں֣ʲôǿԡ 
ûҲŵˣҵҲġ 
ǹ¶ 
ǡ 
֪Լ 
֪ҺСʱ͵ţ߽֮һ 
ĽӦú졣 
Ҳ㣬ֻ¡ 
ֻҾãһִţΪð 
ǲΪңǣΪ㡣ԴӭӾǿ죬㡣Ϊġ 
쿪ʼҵ̴ˡ 
û˵ȻΪҰĦԸо־ˡ 
⡣ỽһ 
ôˡ 
ҸеЩۡ 
 ...... 
Цס֣ҲǸߡĽݵĹϵܸӣ㲻ӱȥȻһ˽ᣬ˱˺áϵ޿ʰĵزҲʲôҲ˵ˡȥǧҪ˺ԼǷصءɺã 

ЩͣҺ˽ҵأ 
һתˮصıԵϣĽ֣Ȼһ֮ǰţҪܶˣȻûʲô˵ģҲɱ 

ҸоͻȻסˣģͷҵļϡ 
һֱ䵭ġҵ٩ 
ҲһбˣҲҪˡҿʮΪʱûвң뱣ģʱ˫Ǹɾġ 
ǰʲôҪģһ˵ʱȫ 
ǰһ˵ûУͬһʬ⡣ 
ڣԯȱҫ⡣е꣬ЩҲͨЩϾԯӣµ֣ȻûĲܣΣԼѡ 

峿ãû뵽һǴ峿ˣҹˣҲ᲻ϾǴûзֿ 
˱衣ĺܲúȣô죬Ѿʼˡ 
һС̫棬մˡ 
ôô硣 
մ˵Ϻӵģûߣһˡ 
ãнɡҽɢҵĳ££̺ˡ 
ʱҵ¹ڲҿңЩ΢΢ĺ죬ЩΡҴ·ڴϣΪͷ 
첻ȥͷˡ 
ǡǸС̫˰裵˳ҵͷᴥͷʱһĸо 
Һϲ˸ͷԻҵͷۡܶʱһ𴲣ͷ̵һĵۣס 
񡣴ӽ𣬳ҡ 
ұ۾˵ͷû˵þ˵˳ˣҪ 
ˡ۾Ȼҵǰšһֽ£գôѽ 
ûнг 
Ŷ⣬ҵ˼סЦ˵ҵǰؾ񣬾񲻿ɷϣйˣͿˡ 
ǡ 
һʱҲ޻ 
ǸɣʵﵽҲûʲôҪ顣ˣ˵Ҫ㿴ģҲֻܵȵƻˣҲûоýһѺýֻǿҲڿ飬ǷҲҪһ 

ʵ˷ģΨһ⡣ 
ǡţҵȡһ飬Աˡ 
ܾһ飬ݽУ磬Ҳ˻ [ī] 

















13 
ʵǼ٣һֱ룬˴ǰȥǷȫֿԺĽʲôĺͽ⡣ 
ε˽᣿ 
Ľݲˡ 
ǻһʲôЭ飬ң 
ⲻˡ 
ա 
ʲô£Ҵ˼·ѹ 
ղۡ 
Ӧ̫ѽ 
ǣ̫ġ 
Ŷҽӹɫӣһ£ˡ 
ԭع⼸ԭ 
žҰĵ˵ϡ 
ɶ񡣽һ 
ӣϸϺã⿴һۣӳƺš 
˵ϱߴ̣ӡ 
ˣĶӣڽһŮӣսʤ󣬴ӽؾǸŮ 
˵ʲôǳ䶼ʲôҾ֣Уԭ顣 
յݹСĺϵӡ 
ν֮УջС 
пԵġ 
⵽ˡ 
Ŀ֪࣬ˡǸŮˣȻʲôٻǧҲŵڣסηңҾǵ˾ˣʱĴսֻðھУȻΥǣҲѽʱʱֻңǾڽһԱȫ 

ͣң˵ 
ǹ˾ͣҾеġ 
ҳһ£ƷƷĻȻء 
ŮӶ飬ѾȷľܾģһΣмȻԲѣҹַ䣬ҽ˵ֹס䣬Ҳ鴤Ůҹȡů˵Ůˡ 

ع˺ 
˵仰ҵסˣԭ£Ĳıѡһʱ֮侹ȻЩʧ 
ʱǣԭҲ죬ڳ˲صˣһǡ 
һͷʰһ顣 
֪ѾȢޣǺǳе顣ԭΪںˣµͷȴ޷ſĻ 
ЩȻȻǳӣǵճҪΪҲǲƵġĸȹȷŮΪӳΪӡ 
ѾǺܿˣһýȢŮӵĺӣǲϵģҲᡣ [ī] 

















14 
㴫飬¡ 
õɸţдģٻأ̶̵ʹ˻ġ 
ӵ£˵ڸھƣٹ١ߡ 
㲻ȥ 
ֵ 
ţϣϣůůġ 
ǸϣҷŹȥġҶ˵ѾӦ⽣ģֻҵ֧ýˡʵҵܺãҲδĸҺұԡ 
ˡ 
ŶΪʲô 
ҫҪͲӦˣǳļʦһѺýǳ롣 
¡ߵǰǽ͵յǰһ£Ҽ֣ڽӹ˽ 
߶ñɡΪڴʱӽһĶʱڽ߲ᷢϼ⣬ԭΪߺˡԭڽС׭ߺ֣ڼʮǰΪ˽ߺֱ㱻ˣȻԿﻹвƽ˺ۡ 
֪ڵԴ 
Цˣʵ⽣һȶʺ֣ʵ֣Ҳꡣ 
ˣ˫ַϽ·ŵϡ 
˵佣⽣Ƿǵµһʦ佣 
ǡ鷳ҲԸ˵ 
ոҶ˱Ȳ裬Ұ֣ϡ 
ʵЩģ㲻Զ֡ҷ⼸죬Ǵ粽ҵߡ̴ӡҺһϽʱȴһūһ 
˵ԭҲġ 
˵⣬ҵȻһЦǲͬġ 
ѽȫͬˣôͬͬĸо 
Ըоһ㶣վС˵һ䡣 
ҲסˣΪʲô룿 
Щѧ˺ܶĶԼ֪ҿԳ⣬Ϊҵ˽ˣҲԶգϲֻܵһسΪӵӦöĳأյļλһ֪Ĳ׷Ʊػ𶯳ҰĻҡʱʵǰѾĥˣټ϶ع˿ŵĸ飬ѾûжӦЩЩҵߣɽҲˡ 
գˡĻʵǲʵģûһԼĳ˵ĻΪգˡ 
Ļûм˵һЩ߾صĻЩɣЩʧദһִĦУûкһ̹ϡ 
²ˡһСŻ˽ҵǰʱȻ 
û˵ʲô˵նһ赽Сǰȣ˶˵̫̫󲻺ˡ 
Ȼվ̫ǰܺ 
ǺܺãѾˡ 
̫ҽ 
ˣܽѾˡ 
վĴǰصĽѹŸˡ 
Һм仰Ҫȥɡ 
Χ˰˳ȥ̫ҽ̫˰֣Ҳ˳ 
ܽҲҵĸûгȥ̫һۣҲͳȥˡ 
صҵˣƵ 
ţҳţվûзԼ 
֣ҵ衣 
ǡӦһ ߵǰһ裬͵ǰ 
˹ȥ 
֣ʱȻһЩҺܿʶҲĻعⷵˡûʶǿȨҲһ죬ϰ˿ڽ֮ţǰȻʹҸеһ˿˸С 
Աߡ 
ΧֻȲġ 
ع׽Ҳʮˡ 
Υ֣һʱ֮Щİһᣬش𵽣ǣʮˡ 
˴ˡ 
ݸҲ豭ҷϡ 
֪Ϊʲô 
֪ 
ǺǣɭЦˡô֪أԭҲûиġ 
ִ·óһɰСɾ¡澹Ȼһ˿֪ʲôʱԺ·Ҿһ˵ȺĲþһݵҵǰ 
ûнӡ 
ĺܳס㿴㸸Ĵλگ顣ҵǰҵǰ 
ӣعƷأ......Ĳ˰ɣ˳дͳǣ˳дͳ 
֮СЩмЩСϷ 
㲻֪һ䣬̴عס 
վǲԸŹҡ 
֪ʲô 
ΪҲĶӡ [ī] 
















15 
˵˳йϵܣЩ̡Ȼ˺ϵ˿ڣʱѪģʹ쳣 
Ѿ֪ˡʧһضأ׵֪ʧ⡣ʲôʱ֪ġ 
һֱɵģҺֵǲ񣬸׿ҵҲԡֱ죬ع֪ǵĹϵʱľٶǷǱѰûɱңûдعһĳŸڵģǣǷĶӡֻǰĽڽУ⼸꣬Դöȴûпҡҷ˺֪ܶ꣬̽ܡ 
ʧɣΪļʵû֮ء 
ȻĶӣԯӣҵĸӦĳ֣ǸҳϵӡǶӣЩҵʵֻһЩ岮ĺӣƭȫ£ǳĵպжӣǾҵסЩΣԶ˵ġ 
ҵ͹㡣 
߿ԼѾЩûʲôϢˣʹǵסյҲǺˡʵⲻʱڵˣʱżѡĳ֣ΨһֵܣͬʱҲҵĸס 
ɵһһ⣬ȴû˿ƶһֱơ 
Ҫı飬һһһĲһͻȻץסңҺҺҶû룬ҾһɲУȻȻҡӺֱ̫ˣԭһһЩģҲԴġ 
ˣһ߽кţһ˺Ǹ˵Ĵλگ顣 
̣ѳƬ 
еӦ 
ԣǸмļˡһиѪ¼ѪҺǣҺǡҲͳҲΪʲôΪʲôǸŮ˳ΪպΪʲôĮҡ 
ԭΪһе½ĥ³һǿ̫󣬵ҽĳˣһЩϰߣǲ¶һֺӺݣʾĳǺŹ塣ԭѡޣǣû֡ 
һԭŮĩ·ȴĴҶʵ 
ѽĺ̡ܲ 
Ϊʲô˵ 
Ҳ֪˵ʲô 
Ȼ˻ȥ 
عףôˣ 
 
㻹ĺҲԭҡ 
Ͼûʲô˺ҵ飬οĲ㡣 
ûҵϷŹע⡣ 
Ϊʲôѡҡ 
ǣҵܡͻȻЦˣӾȻһЩꡣ 
ûк˵Щ 
ڣǴûкúõĹĸҲûк׽Щĺܹ¶ 
ʲô˼ 
Ҫţ֮Ҳƣֻļҳ 
㲻ģˣһЩǺܵģû 
Щ˵ģЦЦ֪ܰЦ̸̸ĸװɣġ 
֪ 
Ϊ˵˼һѪǺ䵭ѽ 
Ȼĸӿɺİһ޶֪ģֻЩˡ 
ûΪ 
ԭ뵽ˣҷ֣ʵǺԽܡӦΪ˱ҲŹ䵭ҵģеʱҵԸҲŲңûʹࡣ 
ԭѾ֪ˣ˰ɣʱҲˡ 
ʲôҾһϲлŮˣıǲΪǷضıġͬ˵࣬ͬʱֺƽܲһ 
ûʲôֻΪǰ;Ϊһûо顣ҲԸ㣬ǰҵĳ޷ǰҵҵǰͻȻ֣ǶôĻơ⼸ʮҵʣʵζҲֻԼᡣһССӤ֣ڼĿ࣬ҲֻԼס˵ľȻʡҲ˸ж 
ӣԸ游ڱĻЪ˹дѵõ侲һعع޷˵عͬʱ޷ȫĻӦĸģʵһֱ䵭ع 
˵ĵЩҴû뵽ġ 
㵽˵ʲôǶ˽⣬һΪĻݵģΪһܹ˵ĸǡ]һ̫һͳߣݲһĸףһĸһߡ飬ôġҲһһģֻûлᡣ 
һ֪ˡǳƿصġЦű۾ҷ֣ͻȻ˺ܶ࣬ЦݾȻЩ⡣ 
̫̫Ż 
ûжǰҡҡûж̫ҽ̫ҽҸ̫ҽ 
̫ҽŻŵ̫ܽǰϸ˿Ȼ˵̫̼ˡ 
ʲô 
жȵж [ī] 

















16 
...... 
жȵж 
žʱɨϵĲ衣 
̫ҽҵǰֻзȫ޷˵ȥΪ̫Ĳ裬Ҹ̫ġ 
һĳء 
²ˡһС༸ǹġ 
һѽڵ⣬һʬմҲڡ 
ʬô¡ 
Щҵֽűʱ˲ԤС 
ȥų˴Ĵš 
عϵʵľ񻨴ҵǰ򿪣ҿعڴ̨ϣһѽ 
űɫĹıʯ⽣ 
ǽǷǳ佣һֱУΪֺһģҰѽ⡣ӹʱ˵ڣԴʱ⽣ 
죬عС 
ĹعߵǸŰײ˵ߣƿ˲¶˵ 
ʱұ˫ۣǰһƬģ 
ᡣ 
ߵľẕ̇ߡ 
ǿԼſ۾ 
ѩѩ׵ģİףʥ࣬á 
ˣԴӷҶƵĳнѣֻǿЩȻں쳾гˡ 
Ƿּ̫ؾ;Уȡ˵ع 
쵰Ҵг˽عʺȥ 
Ҫ 
ҵסҡ 
عĵطͣҲ޷ǰˡ 
մˣſҺôҲĹѪʹУ׸磬ҵҪǼʮĹ֮龹ȻȲһг衣 
ү㲻ҪڻϽˡ 
ſſҽţҲš 
عվߵҵǰѽⶥؿڣֻһЩͿԴﵽĿˡ 
үˡ 
ûз衣 
Ҫֵ߱Ĳʲ 
Ҳѡ 
...... 
ʱҵͷˣҿΧףҵĽ˲ġӦôףңΧôȫʿһһȥҵΥּ̫֣ܲҲТʲʵˡ 
ҳ˽Ȼ˳ȥ 
ߵǰ 
ģǶְɡҵǰ 
߿˵ţʵҵȷʵѾ˼ˣһᡣ 
Ҫǰңȴҵͣ˽Ų 
ǲҪ˵һ䡣 
еѹԴŲЩ鸡еЩӳء 
̫ȻԴң۵ʱҼλԭʲôѾѡعˡعһ⳼νĺûᣬСɫ̾⣬ҪҸ裬ʵ߱ɱ̫ĶλŲʾ£ΪҲ 
عףµѾһˡ [ī] 

















17 
̫ӵϵ١ͬһ¡ء 
صɥǲסǵԣԸо͵͵Ĵңҡ 
ǣЩѾûκιϵˡ 
ڶν̫һҵǻʱ̫λá 
ҰеƽʱҺȻ֣ǸʱӭҵJλĸѾΪ롣ǸϵϼѾ˼ˡ̶̵̫꣬͢ҲѾ˷ˡ 
ںͳһ֣صĽӹλķԱߡ 
ͷ˿˵еĵպûг̫һֱǿλ 
ǲĸҲ֪һʲôˣûпκ֤֤ʵڹ 
 
ҲҪġ 
ںţۼڿңӢ¶һЩע 
д 
ҽĶʶˡ 
ǡ 
æָʾ˹϶ڡ 
һɵʱ߳Ѿˡ 
෴ܼ򵥣Щ 
ûнΪʹҸõķĹһбʣûסʬǵϡ 
̫ɥʱҵǰˣһֱȵһǻҡ 
һЩҵУֽϸסϡ 
һҹǣ˽С 
ǲԭµĹϵ˱ҸѣУҲɵġϽˮҵף 
ߵĴ㣬ҷԶ 
ΪʲôֵҲбˣҲбˡ 
ټĹ£ֻס 
һǿԻصȥصһͷ 
㲻ģҡ 
ҹˣڽվһ졣ɫתسǡ 
պڹسŵʱ˳ǡ 
ǵĽֵȻһʣ֪ǰʮ壬 
С磬Ӹӣ֤ϲ 
סҵ䣬һͷС˸ 
ŶδȢޡ 
Ҳѽ 
Ҳûˡ 
ǣ͸ĸװɣ̫˿϶ϲġ 
ң...... 
ɣҲûѽ 
ǣһɣǮ 
ʮӡ 
áҴǮóʮӣҶǮûʲôҲ֪ҪһֻҪһԡ 
۾ҵǮ۹ 
㡣ҵݹӣùǰߡ 
ܸоһȻڵˣƽʱеļγǮģֻҪѡԼȤĶͺˡ 
һЩС¾ͿԴеˣûгõ˿ʹ̡㣬ǴڽʶڴûзֿһҵΧ 
ţͻȻǰһӲ﹥ңұܵһԣź˴ҵǮ 
վסҼæ׷ȥһǸղʱǮ¶˰ףѰ 
ۣ׷ͻȻһһĶҵҵĺԣͷһˡ 
û뵽ʧȥ˵ܡ 
۾ˣʼ俴һ˾һͻ͵Ķңǵ 
Ҳͬɣʱʲôأ 
֪ΪΣҵľʱӣѪڵϣܷǱعų 
⣬죬 
ԼУֲʵͻ롣 
죬عҪˣ죬 
˷סҵļ磬ҡҡ 
Ϊʲô㿪õǵҸպþǺ...... 
ѣѣôˡ 
عʲôôôʱ䡣 
ôˣô£ 
عףѡ 
ҿѾ˵ϣʺһƬǼĺ졣 
⣬˹ȥҡ塣 
㣬㡣Ϊʲô㣬ΪʲôΪʲôΪʲô...... 
ۣҶʱˣǰعһŷŴ 
һΣ 
ຣģͷǰ 
ѽֻҪͷ 
ô 
㣡֪֪ղŷʲôиҪɱ㣬ȻȻ......Ҿǣ...... 
Խ壬˺ع۾ĶңĽ 
ôˣû¡ƿعϾʱҲκεĹϵ 
ҡҡλվǽʵûˤˡ֮УعĻУ§סҼЩܴĸо 
ع 
á 
Ϊʲôڵ㻹Լ 
ҲκεĹϸ 
㣬...... 
ع嵽ҵǰ 
ĶҪղ͵ϮΣʱеһֱߵĻ㣬ô 
ҲȻһЦǲ׵ġ 
ѽôأǵУֻһ΢г裬֮ĹϵҲԸˡ 
...... 
ʲôҲ˵ˣ㡣عҾܾҡȻؼҰɡ 
ǣҲһ 
ϣڰ죬֮ǽŵĳͻڳĺҹУȻһһҵңǵĻԶԶĸš 
ѰİռңӦһ龰ɡ 
ÿһƣһѽݶ¡ǲˡ 
ưɡͻȻ˵һ䡣 
ʲôǺûͻȻĻ 
ưɣҹҲȥˡ 
ǣðɡعӦˡҸɣܵ˵ȫ 
ڻаȫĵطҿǺʲôǻûнЩ˵ 
㡣 
ҹ 
ȥҼҰɣع׻ûȥءع 
ǣ...... 
عй˼ɡ 
˵ԼһЩʲôĸоǰҲǺޡ 
İ˹ıѺãҸ޷ٶһͬģںޣѾΪ 
ֻҪͷֻ뵽 
ðɣֻһطúõĺȵƣͬˡ̧ͷĺԲ˶˵Բ˼䲻⡣ 
ϾǵȨʳ֮ҡĽݻ 
һμǸŮӣҵǰ 
üۣգֻôһֵ͵ȶıļơ 
Ҳ˹ȥûк˵κεĻߵعΡع˵ 
ں԰һơعԸ 
 
ҿһۣͤеʯϡ 
ֵܾܺûһˣﵱǲͬˡعЩп 
ɥҲһˣɥڼһǵһκǼ档 
ôûм׽عҡ 
ô˵ء 
ڽһ࣬ڼ䣬ҵʱ伸ֹͣġ˺԰Ҽǲ޵ġҹԶġߣ֪ʲôʱֳʲô顣 
ûлشſʯϣ䡣 
Χĵġ 
ϵŮд˵еͻأǡ 
֪Ҳаɡ֪˭һ 
¹һ 
ѽ 
϶ڹ㺮ס 
Ϊʲô 
û˵һʫ϶Ӧڳҩ̺ҹҹġ¹УȴǺ쳾 
عҵ˼ 
ʲôҲҪˣ߳ġӵĵλãǸգߣҲ 
Ͳ϶ˣҲ͵ҩˡعĿá 
˻ģܶʱǺ׵ġ 
ȥߴߣΪʲôع߿ˡ 
عҵĶ档 
ú̸̸ҵҵ֮ĵĿҡ 
á 
֪ģ......ûб䡣 
ûУܶˣҵʼһ 
ң...... 
ϲع 
ģܾϲ 
ǡϲǵ֣ǸϵعǸûļƵعǸĲԺһع 
㡣 
ңҾعѽ 
ǾһУѾ޷ص 
Ҳĸ˵ĶԣȻΪعңҲһֱ䵭ġҴûаĸоҲҺҥɵʱʹҲһݡ 
Ȼǹְͬɡ 
УҲߵġ 
ֵҲˡ 
ǱҲʲôֵܡ 
ԭ㶼֪ˡֻ֪һ֡ 
̫ǰʲô˵ˡ 
ô졣 
ҸоڵӺܺãҲı䡣 
û˵ĻѶֺγء 
عʱ˹ǸŮˣٺһȺˡ 
֣˵ûм֣ݣ밲عʽΪ 
ǸŮбһӣ񣬵ܸоһЩƵơ 
أ˿ӣӣ 
ǡ 
ʲô֣ 
δȡϣ֣ԴŮ˵ЩĲʡ 
һ˰ɡ⺢£ƫƫ飬һȫֹͣˣһ룬Ѿһˡһĺӻû֣ڼҲȴһЩƽ 
ţҿӣû˯ţһ˫۾ˡⸯҲɾĺӡ 
ô 
㣿 
ԯ㡣Ҳ֪ΪʲôͻȻ뵽֣Ҹоܺʡ [ī] 















18 
...... 
㣿 
ԯ㡣Ҳ֪ΪʲôͻȻ뵽֣Ҹоܺʡ 
ˣʱҲˣһȥˡҲŮһ 
֣ععͬʱ˵ 
ûзʱڣǻ͵ȷܰȫ 
ڹſ˾úգһң˹֣á 
Ҵ̽ͷһۣҺܺãλ֣ذɡ 
һһҵΧһǰƣ֪ʶȤˡ 
Ҵ죬ǶԭԲӵ 
Ը˳ãǧﹲ濾ꡣһʣҲõľӣȴϲģڣ֪ڹĿɺãйκţɿʼһµ 
֣ 
ʲôڹŴ˳߻޵ 
ҲңǺż 
ҳʲô飬ǵĸϵ 
ǣȫ֣ϡ 
ҵ˵ͷһֱҵ 
ʵʱ뵽Ĳǳļˣǣ֣ 
ĻǱȻĬ 
ʱɳ˺ܶȫѾұˣûټһֱڹŵţһֱڡܽҲż 
Ŷ 
ּܽܲǣ...... 
֪ˣԺ󲻻ˡ 
Ҳһֱûյǰʲôӣҵǰ˵һЩûпƵĻҲֹҲҵǰԺͨˣҲֻˡ 
˹ȥɡ 
ֵĿһۣպ֡ 
Ѿ...... 
ˡҲ֡ΪԼú 
ͻȻҵһˣһԣΪذ 
ɽ񣬾һǿԷֵġǷֵʾ԰һı׼ҵнɽ˼ҵģ˵ģҲ˼ҵģ֮ûԼġҵѾʧȥˣɽҵѾֵһǮˡ 
һعͷ¹ϣֳһеɫԲϸ¡һɵ˶ 
һŮӣǣ㽭ɽˡ 
ΪͻȻ˵ͷ룬˾ġ 
ϲĻԸ⡣ 
ôƵ龰ǰҵĽУҲ£Ҳһ˹ҵǰ 
˹ȥɣϲңԸ⡣...... 
Цˣͬĳֻ֣˲һˡ 
ҷ̧ͷռһͷֻ 
ҵĻУ۾ģûжָտʼ쵽ҵ󣬿ûз§סҡ 
Ҹоյźܿ񣬺ԭӡȫͬһֱΪҲ·ҵĴ 
ʱţҲԭĽɳڡ 
ܶǰҲһˡ 
úܵͳ 
ҲҹҲ˵ԸĻʱҲǾԸʲô˼ֱ֪ܶˣһĳŵ 
ҸоЩ 
һ죬Һģһҵˣһҵ֪ҺΪѡ 
§סҺܽ 
һˣһֱ룬Ϊʲô鷢ΪʲôǲԺúദ 
ʲôҲҪΪʲôҽеҲҪߡ 
Ϊʲô...... 
ֱҲס 
ҺһǣҲٷˡ 
һ 
ƿ 
쿪ʼ㲻ҵĽˣٸԭְ 
һ磬Ļ 
ң...... 
Ҫǣ꣬ҵһĻеʱͻȻоҵʹѾˣĻУȻʹࡣ 
ң˽죬ǽһȷѡ 
ȥɡ 
¹µӣ֪һοˡ 
ɴ˿ʼٲڸġ [ī] 















19 
...... 
ϳİٰʮ£¥̨С 
֪ΪΣͻȻ뵽ʫ 
̫ǰһң߽С 
ν̫Ǹ빧ҵĵ 
к£ 
˷ţ˵Ҫ࣬ǰ 
࣬ķ紵˴С 
֣롣 
ҽ㣬ȼ˫ҵǰ 
㣬ҹĹİݵϡ 
ڶն˲ҵ֣һ 
Ŷ֪㲻Իڵ 
̫Եλǵһж 
ҿǰׯϵ񣬴۾ 
ģûУͲҪ̬ǡ 
ֻоʸѡ 
ˣʲô 
ˡȻ˼ʹߣǰҪ˼ 
ɳɵɣĳա 
ֵȷ֡ 
ˣ˵ϣ 
ûС 
Ϊ 
ûСҲһ˼ġ 
ô첻ϡ 
ǡ 
ġ 
ǡ 
ʵﶼҪı䣬ֻղġ㼴ޣ޾ûУʲô壿 
Ҫֻ 
ƭһСյļ 
㿴ˣҲᱳҵҵΣҲһҲᱳѵġ 
ຣޱߣͷǰ˵ġ 
Ϊͷʲô 
ͬһ䡮ຣޱߣͷǰǵȴǲͬ 
νĻͷǱ֣ҵĻͷȷǸı䡣 
ȴǱ֡ԭеӡ 
ִţھ͹ִˡЦţҲЦˡ 
Ƕ֪˴˵˶Է 
ʵδع۵ͬ磬Ҳһֽ 
ԺӺҼÿ쵽ԺĺĳӣһַɡʱҲ⣬Ҳ㡣֪һ޷ˡ 
̫Һĸ׵ĹϵһЩתϰѾûˣûй˼ĶҸ 
ÿһ絽ĹУͳʲôΣҵһιһĸТܰ⻹ڣһֹ⾰ˡ 
仨ڻ԰ͻԺй˼꣬ƽжرĿ졣 
Цˣˡ 
ʲô飿 
ҽе鷭󴫡 
֣ׯڶΣ 
ĸĺӢ 
յһУ㲻׺ݡ 
һЩǷáͬʱҲõУǶк· 
Щ㲻Լ׳ͬʱľҲԻٳǡ 
ǡ 
㲻ɱţδػ顣 
ǾͿԼඡҷĸףһ죬𣿡 
ϣԡ 
򵥵һ仰ƷȴԵĿɬ֪˵ģΪҵĸۣĵʱ̣Ƿһεң 
ĸףɻǵҵĸ𣿡һ⡣˵ʱֺˣһɣڵĳЩΡ 
ҺܴЦˣҴϡԼ޾µ 
ǵˣǺܾǰ£õѾˡЩ꾭࣬ЩҲ͵ˡҵ飬㷭˷ͷţ·ڿ飬鲻Ǻ£ЩûлķϹΡ 
ȻӣϾߵ٣¿ֻ֮жˡ 
ȻѾ˲٣ԭˡ 
ĸˡ 
ÿĸϣӿƽһٻΡ 
Ҿš 
۾ʲôĿѣҪġ 
һĻעĸ...... 
ĸ׵ǵĺܶ࣬ԺŮĸ׵ˡˣȲ˵ЩˣЩҲûмȥҲҪð¡ 
Ȼ 
ӵĸȻǲôˣҲûֵܣùĵĻҪһЩġ 
ЩӼˡ 
......Ȼ໰ҵĻҲǶģٽԹǼ֮⣬õģҲЩ 
Ӽˡ 
ˣҲЪ˰ɡ 
СЩеĲĸױϾ˹ıʣӦеĻеıо飬ЩΣԤסĻʲô˼ [ī] 















20 
ʧһʲôĸо 
öʧһʲôĸо 
ҿܽ󰲾ڴϣ԰׵ѾûļһĨ죬ʱұӦֱˤǰκζϵ֣ŭȻҳΰɱףļݺݵһΪ˾ΪӦ顣ʵǣʲôҲûҵҲûбֳӦóֵİˡ 
ܽڽĽֱȻѾ֪ĺˣʮ꣬ʲô龰뵽ԤϡĽе־壬ܵһѵʹ޿ɱı 
һԻңʵΪӡ 
վ̫УһšƾһЩ̸ֽļȫˣڿɵĿЦ 
̫չˣ徫ĵط˾ô 
ҿ鱳࣬᲻֪ɣ޴ 
˵ʱգʲôģһ뵽̫Ľ̵ʹ컰ֻѹĵס 
ĵͷǴӦһ⿴һϤӰա 
һ˲ңҲ֪ηӦ겻ӦȴкѱԱˡ 
֣ޱ 
ڵѾǴ󽫾ˣȨաҴûڹʱ첻޾ȱ 
ʲôҲû˵ˡ 
ĹĸҰӰӣҺµ˴ϣڵʵڲ붯Խκ顣о˽ӸҵϣҲû۾ΪҵѾܿƵҲκ˿ҵĴǷˣ鱳ҵˡ 
ܾ֮󣬺ܾ֮Ҳˡ 
ҵһֱһְѰ״̬ڻ䣬Ҵӳʮ£ûһҪ̫ųˣ̫ˡ 
 
£ûС 
ǣȥɡ 
ŲԶˣҴӱ̧ͷпع 
Ӧǳ˼ۺ죬ڵĴ˷ 
ıңַЩʪ 
޹ˣȦǺġ 
ɲǼ䣬˸⣬ʱ 
ҡҡͷͷĻУȫȻûе곯֮ӵʢ벻һ 
ĸҲˣһˣһˡ⻰ģ˵ţԼҲ˽ȥ浽˶֮ȫ֡ 
̾˿֪պαص 
⻰ҶˡɣЩֶεȻУڸڿҡ֪պαص֪ұն֮⣬Ƕʡġ 
ҵĴ 
ҵ𣬶ҵģΪʲôң 
˦֣ǻͶࡣɱ⣬ҡĸȻΪɺѲ˸ϵľ£һ˵Щʲô 
ұ´סҡ 
عףҸô죿 
ңߣֱɱҡ 
ڵҶ׵ľϷҲûˡһˣʲôõʱжǰµĹ˵з˼һ 
ԸоԽԽҼ޷ 
㵱ңԼֻ·ʹҲϧ֮䵱ûаת 
硣 
ǺܾǰĳƺˣʱǶǵĺӡʮһ㲻ƺҲǰļ䣬ʣô 
ɱʱң 
ʲô 
ɱʱңǸܵΨһˣĵܵһֱôģĵܵܽӵΣ 
ûС㲻ֵġн죬ҲֵġΪޣΪ⡣ҲҼʵˣϻɱȫһ仰 
ʼҵ鱾͵οǡ 
Цһſҡ 
ԭ֣Ų⡣Ļ̫˼ҲǷ£֣֣ʵԳܡ 
˴ڴ¾ǰװ 
ܽɥ£ô 
Ҳ̸ֱ˹ȥЩãȻ 
֣ܽĸףȻǼ١ 
޵޹֪ǷѾ׵ 
ҵһƺԼϷԱ仯УƺѾԼĩ· 
޲ϰסޱĵط 
ɱֻҵϤĵط 
֣Ȼﲻ⣬Եⰲš 
վҵҴӾп۾ 
˹ѾȨ㳯Ұعˣԭƽ峺۾Ҳɫǧף˶ٵܺļơ 
ʶߵǰ棬ָ۾֪ڵΪֻס˫۾ҵС۾һӣӵԶԶġ 
·𱻴ˡһĶԳɾͿɾͲ˵顣סҵ֡ 
عףҹɽ 
֪ʱĻģ֪ΪĻʲôľġѾûˣҲƵнԭͲ԰׵ 
ģҡҡͷ 
ҡ 
ҵһ׵˵Ҫġ 
ҷعȨ֣ԯʥϡӴˣ֮ĶԹΪȥҲټǺ㣬һᰮҵĸ硣 
оķŭȴȻƽ 
ЦˣЦûеС۾Ȼסҵҵ°ͣұĴȻɬеûиȾҡ⼸꣬ҵɮ 
ǺܴԣûзӦ 
֪ҵĸǰ˵ʲô 
ıǼǵҵϲ˲䣬ң֪ 
֪ 
˵ܽòܽûԿݣһĪģòԽԽܽˣҲ䡣ҪǸ㶯Ҳ׳ġֻϣҺһϣŹ㡣αҵġ 
ΪʲôأҪ˵Ǹˣ 
ǵᣬķ磬дŴ͡ 
ع˵һԭ±˵ˣһ𳤴֪ģҲ֪֪ҵĸôģ 
ҳĬˡ֪֪ΪѳᣬּҵĸµġҲ֪ʱĸʲô֪ݲκӻϡͬʱҲǱعˣ󹬵ĶԹ 
㣬ˣӣ㻹֪ġ 
ô 
עǾһģⱲ㲻Ҫ߳ȥˡ 
ң 
ҿЮѾϰĳڲŮ˻ҶѡҪĻعףΪپһ 
㲻Ϊ 
Ѿˡ 
˵ĺҵǰŽֲ꣬ڵʯǰǵϵҲܻʱ龰þһƫĻҵ۾ 
ɳʱ˲ҹ졣֪һϼһвǹڵıġǰɽһʾҿ͸ǷѾ׼ңȥ̷ǿߡ 
ܽմɥĥȥһ˿񣬵һйƽʱѾݵĽƤͷҾήҡ 
סҵ޹ԴӴɥعұڴʱ𣬳һְѳ֡ûʲô춯ЩľӪûа׷ѡ 
ĿǰĶı˷̣ϴ¡һһ졣 
֮УҪЩʲôһ޴񣬿ϲĶ 
ߵǰƿ˸˿һҵĽ;ơ 
ĽǰҲΪԴ˺Ұһֱûп 
ַϷĻƣͻȻоʲôԣûбֳ 
̵֣֡ 
˻ʱֱƷò׺ 
Ҳ뺣յ 
Һû˵޵ķʲô 
Ľ飬ңǽӥһĳ򣬷һġ 
ðɣȻҾ߳ȥϣ߳ȥ 
һ峿޹ſվš 
ӽû޹գԺĽ죬ˣǴ󽫾ͬʱǼҵ䡣ԭҵع 
ȥ԰ֻһ仰 
ңͬҿĹ⾰ԭǸµѾӣĽɸʤǰԭȺദڽ¡Ϊĸοʹ;ѾˣԿ˵ûмʶӡڵѾԭʼӣ㱣ɫƣضɢҵġ 
һǲͬģ϶ǲͬġڵ֪ԼЩʲôҰԼĴչֳҵĿġ 
ڶӣڵĻش 
ԡ 
˵Ļ 
Щ֪˼ĸо 
԰ɪ֮ˡ 
һƣ˺ķ⣬͹ȥ 
ĽϴŨʹԳܣǿȥβסҿ 
ճ嵽ҵǰûиҶ֡Ҵҵ߾ƣҲҷסҡ 
һΣһΣһΡ 
סԣǿйҾơ 
˺ѷεۣһζ 
̲סҲ̣һſڣȺѪڶ 
ڣˣµľ̳ҵǰƬҵһˣƬϣ»İɫ·ѪȾˣŨص֬ 
ڶģڶġ 
ҳɹˣҿԻ֣߳ʧˣ¾ݡ 
̫ҽջŵͷۡŵıңϽӡ 
ȣһѪڶĵѪëܾûзˡո֪ĳ⡣ 
ͦһᣬ̫ҽһ͵ڴϣȴûзſңһֱңо˵ʱ 
֪ѪʲôģʮǰҲһһ찾ġ 
ʶȴĻˡ˵廹Ǵѽʹ־ټǿҲֿ 
Ҽֲ˵һ仰һҲסˡΪеʵ¶ǰǶǴˣ˿ͿѰҵͼ 
ҲԼаֵĲǿҵǵҵƿأ۾ҿѾɢˡ 
ֻУһ˵عףҲ㡣 
 
Ҳᣬһ֣߳һһƬؽ 
յ綬˱ѩڴϣŴƮѩ 
лʹȫֻðֵš 
չһҩŨŨҩЩܡ 
ҩˡ 
ԭӦýСĵĶҩ룬ҵĴߡ 
ҩҩҩǺ֭ܿ࣬ŨأζŹ֣ЩζǾԸǲסԭеĿζһҩζȫ 
ףʢҩ͵ҵߡ 
ҿû졣 
Ҫ⣬΢΢һЦȻ̿ҵ죬ҩȥһһ˹ĵˣҺҩϣûּۻ۵ء 
Щˡ 
ˣˡ 
˼Ǽȴ 
ԭΪһЩµֻ 
̾˿ļšҩˡ 
°ɣҲȡ 
ԸģЩҩ̫ҽ 
սҩ£ˡҵĿǿӲ 
⣬ԥš 
֪عĹҲҲҵ嵱¡ 
գҩҡع֪ʲôʱյȻһɫĽۣУɫޣ޷Ũء 
յݸҩȥߣһۡ 
ͻȻЩˣңղļʣعģδǺ¡ 
գǵҾܾǸҹ 
عףЩʲô֮ҿԸ㣬޷ҵӿʹҲԸġһֱ֪ѪĲأҸǸľƵġûУ 
˳ȻûлӦʲô䵭˵أ 
һҩתסңķҹҩҽҧأҩ˿ûйȥŨŨҩ֭˳ҵȥ 
ҲһԵʱιҩģѵʱûа취ˡ 
סҵ°ͣݺݵĶ˵ããҲĲġ 
˵꣬ߵҵϣ⽣߻Ҵǰݵҵǰҷָã˻ȥ 
һֱ⽣ȾƵʱҲߣ֪塣ԭƣ˭佣ˣǴ˵еķﳯ⣬Ͽ佣 
˵ţ 
ǰĺýϧˡ 
֪ն⽣ķʽȡҵ˵ҹԹԵĺҩһϣ飬Ȼ϶⽣ġ 
ҿٿǽ 
õ佣еԸ 
ʵ뷨ЩʵͲҪˡ 
ֻǣΪĵɬģ 
ҵѾųҶ֮κζˣ 
뿴Ǳ۾ 
ڵţĶ 
ǣþûж۾еĽҲȻ 
ôˣʡ 
Ϊʲô᲻ģ 
ҿЦôܲأ 
˶ˣͽģʹնϡ 
˵ѣҿеˣġ 
ַһ۾ȻˮѾӯ 
أԳ 
Σ˵Ҳ㡣ȥᷢġ 
ǵһҵ˵ĻһЦشʱҵЦһʱ룬Ҳ治 
Ǿñ緢ɡ 
ҳĬ֮һ仰 
ˣҲܲʣҲߣҲҲʧ䡣ͬʱ⽣ǲҵõҪĶ 
ֽһ룬ӦǲȲҩֻĲƷҵˡ 
ֱңҡ 
°ɣҲȵġҵҵľΪʲôÿ㣬ЩС̫أ 
ǽӽ 
ͻƽ˵һ飬ûй˼˵ұ顣 
 
ҲǷоίΪһ˵Ļоع 
عĲ£ӦúعĽӽֻһͣεǾعͬ⡣ 
˽ععбʵĲͬԵɺ꣬ԴȻ̬ȿԿһˣȻ޷㣬Ҳ֧عԭ򡣿ͬʱҲعĵܵܣԣδҵת 
ͻȻ˵Щʲôɡ 
ӸղҺҩʼҲûнйֻ֣ƺĹΣǵľ룬˼ɡ 
ʶҲܾˣǴûкúĹɡ 
 
Ҫ˵ʲôˣҵĳֹϵشûҵɡ 
ôء 
ýţû˵ʲôֻͻȻ˵˵ǰ¡ 
оҵҼ˵ 
ҳһѩ׷ɵҹҲܽ󿴵ѣѩһʱˣҵ֣סȴǼ򵥵ġ 
Сʱϲд֣һֱҲǡҾдд޹ĵΪʲôһֱԭԭһֱңѾǺܾǰˡ 
˵Ҷ˶٣ԼӳԵнѳƽ˺Ҽ˵ 
Һϲѩϲ̫ѩ 
̫ɫģѩؾ̫ɽЩԱ߻һӣЩʮ֮ǰֻϿĶ 
ǵõһοЩҸʱǵʱɥÿ˴һֶδȷ״̬һδöã 
ʱֻʮ꣬һԳΪӵͣʱ̣ȴһЩһ߳ϲá 
ۣɫǰɫġŸλ̫ʱ룬Ҳ֮Ҳʧˣֻʣһλڱ̫ڵҲס㣬ҲһЩġ 
뵽õĽˡ 
˵Ц 
һġʵЩεĿֶá 
ÿ켸ڿджȹ鿴Խ࣬ҲԽɥҲ֪Ϊʲô 
ҸоҵǾֹģһʱоȥıҲûʲôϲõ飬Щĵطձ顣 
ҿҲҡ 
˵Щ㣬ҵννЩû˵Щ£ˡ 
оҲˣҼҵ˵ǡ 
ˣҲҲ԰׵ 
ѰռҡܻЩҸоһɽˮ棬ǽкƷͨͨġ 
Ҫ˵ˡץסҵ֡ 
Ҳȥģһġ 
˵꣬æ˳ȥ 
˵ЩټٶС˵Ȩƭ˱ƭԼ 
Ȼԣɳζ޷ǡ³ڽ£޵ҲǰһԼױȵ 
գԲ𣬶Բ 
ԶߵıӰֻˡ 
ڱȽƽֹ졣عÿ춼ÿҺҩ֪ΪʲôûǿӲ̬ȹҡеʱ룬ҲҵһЩ˼ɰɡ 
ҵѾ˼ˡ 
ѩܴ󣬺ҵĸҳ졣ҲѹѵڵվҪܸԼ 
عסһұ۾ع 
ôԡ 
оҵߣҳЦЦ 
˵ǻǽˡ۾δû̫ı仯 
㣬ݳʲôˡ 
ֺĻҵա 
ҺȾƣҩԷǰԾ 
ұųĬʱ˭ȳס˭ͰˣععȻ˵Ѿˣûʲôµˡ 
ˣˡ֪ľ֣Ҳˡ 
ǰңҾȥ֪϶ûк˵Լҵģ֪˼죬ڼǷרҹعҲȥˣҲȰ㣬ȰҩҪˡҾ֪ûļ򵥣عĴ͸ԣһ˿Ŀܣ϶ҡ˵̫ҽڵѾûлȫһţ˽ϻûкתĻҲˡ 
Һ˵ĵزҲҪʲôˡعֻԳҩҾ㣬ֻԼ뷨˵ļ򵥡 
عûĿҽ 
ҿǱǷ̵Ц 
ôҳһھʵ֪ҵʹһֱûΪʲô 
˼תȡһѽһ⽣ݸҡ 
عġ 
ҽ˹ӡ 
ߣ߿ɺã 
ԺأǱĸۡյģ 
عף֣Ǳ㰲ҵĵĵطȻҸõΣ 
عλɺãʡ 
Ĵֻиഫ 
֧عΧס㵽ʲôعʱѾûıҪˡ֪̫ع͵ģعӹڵķâ¶ЩĲǺܵ˼ıԶǣŽеľӵָȨǹ㡣ԣƹֻеõͬ⡣ĵĵزЩҲὲġ 
ãȻҲ˵ܵ㲻Ϊ֣֪еƶȣǶܽԼߣҪҪӾӡ 
һᣬ˵ 
ʷʥƩҢ˴֮λҲɴΪѻġ 
ǣǣǣǡ 
ҪҳΪҢķʹʧɽҪװӡ 
λǴλûʲô˶ĵ˵ 
ԯعΪ飬Ϊȫ 
벻֣֣ 
ҿѸٴӱгҵĶֱ 
Ϊǽɽع˽⣬Ҳû⡣֪ģҲû뵽һڱԣȡеĽֱָعʺʱûзӦ 
ұĵزΡΡָعĺҵ 
۾һ˿Ļҡ 
ҵݸ⽣ͬʱеĽ 
Ҳ˽һεĽǺܿ죬һҡ 
һֱڴϣûж 
ô֡ĵӣĽѾ뻯Ȼвһн㲻ҵһͻϮѾᣬеĽѾʣǹƽСڣĸоΣ 
̫ҽĻģǿһ֧ţеʱټ٣ټ档ûиǣһʲôҼʮĹɸһϵĲһŶ 
˶ʮĽ벻ˡ 
ҵĹɱ⣬Ҳ 
ֵ˼أ 
û˵ 
ֲ˵Ľšֻ߳߳ 
ԣعҲ 
ûпܵġҪҪԼʱ򹥳ӵأҵԯӵΪ 
;ˣֻľ档Σ 
Ҫǲͬأ 
޷ɱ㣬һԿƽ⼸˺þġ 
ΪʲôտʼȻƽҲ÷ѾĻҵˣعףơ 
ȷʵҵޡûİҽǿԻ߳ʳǶѡ 
ҵʱִ٣Ӧ 
Ϊ˱ܾˣļƻ֪Σ 
Ƕһ£һЦݡ 
û뵽ԭǸᵨӵҲĳ£Ҳ˵ĳĻ 
ɻǸǱСܵ 
ǸӵоȴΪع 
ҡ 
˭أ 
ãҴӦ㡣㣬عҵĵܵܡ 
ջ˽ 
ԶҲǵġˡ 
عʿѺסʱôҲţǸķҡҪҵĲ˭뵽սҵ޹ͱѺסˡ 
֣ˡڵĽѾҿˣ㻹ٰꡣ 
ƽ 
عס 
 
ô£ 
ܼ򵥣͢еʿȨġ 
ˣҲ˵Щˡعûһ־һֺʹĸоȴ˶ˣԼֻӵһȫĿ֪ԼԶҲòģ 
˵ţһ״ƿóһҩιˣôҲ졣ֻѧӣס 
ǵһο˵ǰұֳҸоľźʧ롣 
軭ԸеıȻһ˿ȻʱҽеҩŽ 
ˣ뿪ߡ 
һֺرҩѾΪ׼ܾˡ 
˵еõģû飬˽⡣ 
ΪһĽԼҲƲˣ߹ĳҹ˵Ĺ¶ 
ЩѾΪҵĹȥ㻹Ҫԣһ̻οơ 
ҿ˿ΧʿԸ 
ˣǿ԰뵽ޱҪԼЩ֮ǿˡ 
һִкˣعޱĴϣֽŷֿ˿Ҳƽ 
ô֣ң 
Ȼǡϲľˡ 
ֻǲԼ 
ҿһۣΪõЦݿ 
ҩʲô޵׵Ŀ飬ʲôľ 
ԣһ˺úܽĸоԶס 
ˡ 
⣬һƬǡҺһ 
عضѰ 
عڵңҹ¡Ҳ֪Ϊʲôװ硣 
ңʣʲôȥ 
㿴Լȥ顣 
㽫Ҳˣ 
Ϊ˱ˣ֣ҹ 
Ȼע߳԰ӡҵ鷿 
ĴһˣҲ֪ʱӦЩʲôֻܴģʲôҲʱӦûһЩľһЩֵüֵǵ飬Ϊ˽һжͬˡĵʱ̣ҷҵһƬհףûʲôֵġڴĿϣ̵ϣбŵǶ 
ʵʵ߱߱λ˼ֲֵҲסֻ֪һ죬ͲǺȶӷﳯʼÿһ鷢С 
⽣ѾǴˣϾȻûʲôԻٵҵĸڻУôشþ˰취һƺͽ͵ġ 
ǼȻܻͲܷ˵һս 
һЩĪĶҲԺΣʲôѾǲˣӦòʲôΣΪ֮ҷ۽ǵۡ 
Ѿվɵвһˣԭˡ 
ҲҲûлῴع˵ǱˡǱعܳޱģعһϡ 
ҵ۾г˶񶾵ĺ޺޵ĸˡЩЦαأ˭ҲģֻҲ·Ƚ˳һЩ 
ҵ߹ȥ˵һλеĽ 
عףӦʲôعܲá 
ҲģңҾҪ֤㡣Ƕͳߵ佣Ӧ˵ġ 
һ֣ܷ֣ǾͲ֪ˡ 
߱˼Ƕλôܷɡ 
뾡취ûԸΪ⽣Ӳ˼ĵز 
ʵҲûпܣΪĽʺͽͬһֲʣֻҪһǵجξͶԽˡ 
ҽʺͽϰȻնˡ 
֪˿ԼĶʲôӰ죬ҾȻնʱҾȻȻ֣ 
عȻĿ⣬ع㵵ı飬ޱȵɵĸо 
ʵ˺ܶʱǣԼסԼ 
Ӵ֮ʶԺ飬Ժ˵ǿˡ 
Ҫܶ࣬Щ̲Щϲ飬ҪҶˣȳԵʲô 
ͷյʱһص;ԭѾ 
-Ͻڶ 












1 



һλ׿򾩳ǣյգĻ̡̻սҺĳǣЩ롣 
ٵױޣ·˷ɳ۶ȥ߷·˵ƷҲ⣬һʱ䣬У޺֣ӳ˱еĶ 
ȷҵĴ 
ҵĹִս 

ӣǸҡ 

̾ͷӦʡ 
Сêˡ 
ѡˮ·Ϊ½·Ͽ϶˹ؿÿһߣˮ·ҪĶࡣһ˺ӣӾֱϡ㣬г˳ΪҪ޷Ҫ׼㷽ɳС 
ˮ·ҲʮְȫʱֻôʵӷΣա 
Ҿͳ׼عһ㣬Ϊǲִ֮ߵģû׼ʹӣҲʱʹá 
ʵ׼ЩѾˣҵˣҹ͵ġ 
ն߱ʱҺҵĹȥȫϾӴѾûԯعˡ 

ٵôôľӣսѾƽϢǸϴ 
ӹûóȻǣһֱھǶţҺʱֻңҲѡ 

֪ɣʳѾˣ֣֪١ 

ʲô 
൱𾪣ԭļƻΪѾˣΪν߳Ƿ 
ΪԼһΣա 

˵سǵĽ˵ģΧǵʱһգ֣һڳϣһڳ¶а죬˭Ҳû˵֣ˣΪ֣صȥƴǡʱҪսĻ˾ʹˡ˺سǵľԭһģⲻֵֵܴ 

أ˵ 
Ľζ 

Ҳûд˭Ҳ֪Ϊʲô죬سǵĽ˵֣ӳʱģһʱգϾҾͶԺʷϼ£ǽҪأ˵ʣһҲܽǡ 

һҲǶԵġôЩ죬Ҷսңͼ˶ڳ⣬һֱûгеϢټ˵Щ 

ûУǸĻһ˵ʱ֣ʹ֣˵г˶ǰգسǾΪ˱ղս֮ࡣҪأ˶ˣҪճкáһȫǣ߳ʳϿͶֻҪ˲࣬ǵģңΪ֣λģҲҪճǵģǵİӦÿԱȫ 

ô֪ 

֪ˣȫǵİն֪ˣǸ˵ġ 

 

Ƿּ⡣ 

⵽ˣ˵֣ĺãԼ 
ҺعĿġ 

Ҳûʲô࣬ҪȥС˵ġԻ֣һЩ£ȺʷҦĴҳǸѾڰǰˡ˵һʲô˿֣ԭΪ֣һأ֪岻ãһֱˡʵ֣ЩȫյĻ֤һˡ˵ҲãӵΪ֣ҲûǡȣǴΪ룬ôͱСסأǵġ 

ҲЩ˻⣬Щô֪֣ˣ 

ûʬףץһˣ˵֣ʬףһԭǡ˵سǽĻ֣죬ѾˣҪô˵ô࣬ͽ²ࡣ 

˵Ѿȥˡ 
عĻ˵ԭҲģûĲԭ¡ֻû뵽Ѿô꣬ȴ 
ûйң 
ԭնϹȥƽĶ࣬˭Ȼ˵Ĳ 

ӣ°ɡɫá 

Ŵݣֻ˵ǣЩδ 
ģֻ֪ҥԡ 
ǣж˿֪أػ԰ţңԽܶʱ쳣пģϲɣֻЩĻԣǵ 
ҵĳ֪ҺһУǻеľأ 
һֱջ޳ܵĿҡ 
ʹţҲŵģѡˡ 

СвʣڲЪϢǿ쵽һˣڰЪϢ 

½ϵǿˣһ㲻° 

Ҳܶʮһֱڴϣҹڰ϶ȹʱġ 

ŶԭˡĽ䱸رɭϡЩ޻Щ 

Ȼˣ֣ǻ 

ѽ 

һңԶҵĵǻһƬɫһƬãİɫ 
ΪɥТһֱǾĵģûֻ֣ͣ 
عǻûʽһ¡ضӣһһƬϲĺɫͼ֡ 
Ľ죬Ըѳˡ 

Ҳǵٳ£һڳ϶ӡ 
ȻǰɫĿףҫ۵Ĵڡ 
ҵѾһˡ 
ν棬֮䲻֪˶ˡ⣬ǾŸˣսеսʿ 
Ҿˣ˳ǽ֪ʱһȥѾ׼ðˣסˣҲûп 

գعųʱʲôҲû˵֪ҵģôأ 
֣Ǵ󽫾ʱûδѾǷˣ֮ûԡعˣΪҷУԣֻзҡ 
ֻûзʱȷѡ 

ʧȥȨĽ죬ʧԿݵġɼȻҪһϽߵľżЩǱĴۡ 

ԶҵнСֱʧ«έࡣ 
ɽıǷѾԤʾ˽죿 

ڴֻ֣еǰ⽣ 


ʹס۾ǰ˵ 

ҵһЦĽݹӣΥˡ 

Ķ䵭ס۾ĺڲ 
ǰ㲣Ͱǰͬˡ 

һһû뵽ǽ㡣 

ҹܸоһ˫۾ңʱΪ񾭹ڽţڿҵֱ 

ͻȻһץסҵ죬ΪʲôΪʲôǻܻΪʲô㲻壿 

壬Ҹ˽һʲôҪҿԳ壬οԼڲ塣 

££㺦ʮǰҪ˾ͻοˣ˻Ҫǧ 

̫ˡ 

˶ٺҲ޶ԣΪ 
ѽô˵ҲѾˡ 

ɱҰɣټǿЩҲҲסڣҲˡɱҡ 

ΪʲôԾ 

Ϊʲôɱң 

...... 

һⲻҲɱҡɱٺңɱңᣬҲɱ㲻뿴ңߣ 
Ҿ֪ɱҡ 

Σ⼸˵Ļ 

ң㲻ų 

ģǲĳ룬ҲԯعǸ쵰ġ 

֪ˡ 

Ȼɱ⡣Ϊʲô㲻ɱȫϣ 

ҵԶԡ 
Ҳػ˫ֿסҵĲӣ 
һᣬȻ֣Ϊʲô 
ΪʲôûҪأҲ֪ҲоǷǣҲҸоڵҸĶ֣ûзıҪģҲҵĲɡ 

ԲڵҲֻ˵һЩ΢ķϻˡ 

ң·˺ܴľġ 
סɡ 

Ȼ󣬷֣ˡ 


һ˴ϡ 
ľ֪ҵĹȥʽһ谭谭ջὫҵȥ 
޷뿪ˣԺõԴ 

һû徻ãĸŮһĴţǶɫɴȹ 

ʲôǡ 

ӣ̺ӵģϴ 

һŮһţӡȻɣҲʾҸ˹ȥ 
ǰȻһˮء 

ҲȪ 

ɽСȪˮ빫ԡ 

ԲûŮ˷̵ϰߣλɷµڴˣ 

˵Ƿ̵ġ 

Ҳ˲˽ԭˣҵʳһֱɹ̵ģҴùŮΪ޷ܹŮЩĿĵ 

ģµġ 
˳ȥֹţǡ 

һȪȴѲԭҡ 
СϲȪһֺݵůҴ֣û顣 
ߵУȵˮҵľȴʱûпƵ 
ж᲻ᵯֻԭδĴ 
µıµ룬ʧȥʱʹ࣬ԼսвɱĿ־塣 
ھʱֻǰӦ飬ͻȻһӿͷеԿݵġ 

һ˿𣿱ٴȪеԵʣҾһЩ¶ȡ 
ûлͷš 

ôˣ 

˵㲻˷㣬  

û£ֻǲϰߡ 

һֱ 

ǡ 

ŵĽ;ȻūͣǷ̡ 

ҶȻͷֱ۾ 
Ľݣ赽ˣҵū͡ 

ĬһᣬҲû˵ҾǵĽ־ƺԶ޷ƿʱ˵ˣõͳڣҵǸ 
Ȼĵͷ 
һǸ׳нҵŭҲȫȻûзˣЩ١ 

ԼҰæҡ 

㲻һǸˡ 

ˡ 
Լࡣ 

ɺ⣿ 

á 

Ұæ 

á 

ãվһ㴩·㡣 

飬ٳſڵʱҽס㵽ҪЮعҿɹĿܲ 

Цˣ㻹ĺܳ顣 

Һ˽ 
ڻ˵ʲô鲻Ѿ̫ˣعǳĿ˵ġҰģûκ˻κԸıԼǰ£һжǴҪġ 
˵ӦףҺعֻʣѪԵϵˣ쵱ն߱ʱҲնǵꡣ 

Źˡ 

Լٶȴ·˳ȥ鱳վšһӭƮ˫ֱں棬졣 

ղܸ𰸣ʲô׵ģҰɡҶ 

ɻƺӱ̫ѩɽʫ 

ǵòǺˡ 

ңûʲôġѾ֪˽ʼûʲôˡ֪⣬Ѿ 
ŵͷ÷ʱͷ֡ 
ȥʵԭԼɡ 

֪ҹôҲû뵽ҽܸĸĽ𣬲ĽһҪӵʦ 
ĺֻεĽˡ 
˵ҵѧӦڲͬҲ֪ڿһڱҡ 
죬һСϿεĵط 

һ߽鷿ֻһӡټİһ˫ۣĽҲһЩĽӰӣֻǱϸӵȷǹ˵ǿӲ 

ʮ꣬ǺӣȻѾ˵ĳ졣 

κʹһӿٵĳ 

棬ңʦǺеĲͬ 

ҵļ磬㡣Ҵ˺ãˡ 

Ĺϵܺѽ 

ѾʶܶˡϵȴúݣΪģĻûбҪġʹӸ 

ôһֱ֪𣿵һֵˡȻ֪ҵ֡˵̫޴أ 

......һʱ֮侹ȻԶԣǰֵʱǾǸж֣·ĸƵģһֱΪʱ˵˵ңҴ÷ļסǣֻҪǼסҾͺáǣǴͬݵλϣ̬Ǻܰġ 

ˣҲƽϣǼס²Ϊӵ㣬ֺҶأʲô֣ 

һα˽ѵζܵġҲ޿κΣֻеȻһЦӦţع......Ȼסڣعԭǹ䣬ͨҪôҲ˵ģЩҽӴˣ֪ȫĵϸûбҪҵ֣ĽҲûʣûΪԼһ˼ת䣬Ѿ⣬æ˵Σ֡ 

ͬĵ˵ͷõνң 

⵽Ϊˣ۲ѧеΪʦ书űŹ򣬲üˡҽʮصȫķϣֻһЩСʺͼõ鷨ʹҽҵĽѲˣν 

뵽Ҳ 

㹫ӣҲĲ֪ý̹ЩʲôˡǹϣҽЩʲôأǷΪ 

ǫˡȻͽ̣Σ 

ŶΣ 

ǡʲô֮¿԰ 

ңһ˵𣿡 

˵ĴڵװЩ㵽档 

¡ӢţĻĲ 

ǿԴһЭ飬㲻ýңҿԼѧϰΣ 

Ȼã֮áֵ徻ʲôˡ 

ʽʼҵ׳ġ 


ھڵı仯Ҳͬǵ»ǱӭĴʵĴůˡ 
һϸϸĿţԱߵĽݷ㣬ҲԼ飬ҴûͼҪϲʲô顣Ƕܰ 

ǲеʱЩףеʱȴʲôҲûио 

飬죬ģм䵭İƮ 
ٿ԰ҲůůĽɫӭ 
ǵʮǰڽʱҲһдһ߿ӭģʱĻǾӨ͸ģΪǲ 
ߵӭǰ棬һ֦ 

ÿ̾Ȼ겻ͬɻȴơ 

ͷĽݷ㻹ùϰ֡˳ָסëʣĺܶҲ£ʮǰҲģдʱ䣬дһʺ֣ȻҪƵĶࡣ 

ţ̧ͷҵλȻһ㶣Ҳ֪ΪʲôһԵĿסˣҼæɨӣֱңͬʱҲ 
ڿҵʱˣɿڿһ˿Ǳ 

ҿ˿̫쵽ˣҲǳ緹ʱˡ 
Ϊƽʱ鵽ʱҵģҲûעʱ䣬ɽ죬ôû 

ôڵȶ壿 
Ľݷ㲻֪ʲôʱҵǰ 

ԡ 
Ҳԡ 

ʲôȥ 
סҵȥ· 

ȥôˣ 

ʶ߻ȥ 

룬Ӧò֪ǺʵĸҲ֪ҿʡ 

ΣǲǶ˭Ҫ֪ＴʹǶĿˣȻŵ 

ΪǺֻеȤûҽʹǿҲῴҵݡ 
ǰĺȴ 
ûȴҲ 

ô˵ 

εˣ 
ֻ 

û˵ 

Ҳˡ 
Ժˡ뵽Ҳ˵ʲôˡҴǻˣҲڵȤ塣 
û뵽һ˵Щ޴롣 

Ҳ˼ֻǣ 

ܽһˣڿʱסˡ 

ôĽݷϻָǰԶһӡ 

ҵˡ 

飿һʲôҵˣʧ 

Ľݷ㿴һۣˣӻ 

 
Ԥ 

ôˣҵģ 

ڣ 

˵ 

ǣ 

ʲôطʵġ 

ֵ۹⿴һۡ 

ôˣĽݷ㡣 

סĵط 

ĻشЩϣûҲϲ 

ҹȶˣĲ£¾˼һţȻš 

ȥһ˰ɡŽǽвҲð 
˵ǷôҲģοһô˷ġŵĶֲ٣ԼҷΧ⣬Σա 

ãҺȥ 


һݳǵĴϣȻþǡҺĽݷ㲢ǵǰǿͻĶ飬Ҳʮ㡣 
Ϊûнֳƿ￪ǵûһֱߡ 
·˿ǣֵ·Կ 
ʱҿһл룬ڵ͹ȥûвͬһȦ԰ӣһûɣҵŬûҰҵĹȥ 

ͻȻסҵ֣һĽݷ㡣 

ô۾ӣ 

ģ 

帺㡣 

ңʲôøҵġ 
ʵ飬ҲҪ˵ҲҶ 

ҵǰװʲôˣ֪ͶĹϵûж濴Դһһ񶼲ˡ 

ۿˣ 

ûС 

ҿг֡ 
߰ߡģССҲѧֶΡοˡתһ룬ԼҵֵҲҲûˡ 

ڽϵ޽֪顣Ȼÿҵ鷿ȥ緹ֱ𵱳ɽ˾档 

Ӧһ䡣 
ҳԷֻҵһЩȥϤĸоֻǲ˿տļҲƵɡ 
ϲԼİò²һЩԼϲ飬֮ˣ֮ԶȻ 

ǲţǲšʵǶõģֻЩʱЩҲܹڵİ 

Ҳ 

ңȴȺ 
ɷϣһܳ꣬ȻżһЩĶһ˵УѾһϵˡ 

ĽݹӣжˣҺȻһ⡣ 

ʮߣһºʮꡣ 

ʮ꣬ɴˡҶ˵ 
𣬰ǰҲһңҲشˣ˵ع׽Ҳʮˣܴ飬Ҵ𵽣ʮ꣬˵˴ˡ 
죬׵֪ʧȥʲô 
ҵĳĳ顣 

ˡ 

ĻҵĻ룬ҿǰ޴ҶϺɫĵףýߣɫ׭дûе׵ͼȻһֹϢ 

ѾСūȺǰǹܵĽݵǰ 

ĽݹӰá 
СӵЩϸ̬ȻǺܹ 

ãҶء 

һߣĽһʡǸСūϽҷżˡҲ͸ǵҲûʲô 

ҹһҹľơ 

ûĽ 

УǺᲨš 

 

ڣС 

صĻشǶס 

еһˮơĿʽֻдİļ۸ 
һԵĸװ⣬ĺأǺľɵģûзĻƣǽмɽˮ 

кᲨСūʡ 

ãҺȥͺáĽָ˵ 
Ƕȥˡ 

Χ룬ǡ 

ͷڶ¥¥ʱҾȻһȥĳ嶯ûкйʲô׽Ľ飬ο˽£ʱҪˣΡ 

Ҳȥˡ 

ôˣ 
ĽݽĻЩ 

ҿһۣת¥ʱӵſˣ߳һˡ 
ɫûдãֻϵ˸ӡ԰׵Ű¶ţͷɢ䡣 

һο֮ΪѾȥȴһ 
ĺ¾ҵлһ˿ڣеļ޿Ƶİ˳嵽ҵǰ 

ٴγҵǰҾȻ֪Ǻˡ 

Ҳ֪ǷóԵҲ֪˭֪ӵкһ 

ŷ֣óҴûͼգΪѾΪ˵̣ʵĲпᡣ 

ʱҷϣҵԶʧԸһƽ 

ѵ飬ҿ۾ڱ˴˵пеʵ 

˭ 
ҵһòʹڳٹҲûнյľš 

۾ƽһۣѾп˳Ū˵ȴǹġ 

Შ 

ȫͬҷ·ѣܽӣץ죬˵ʲôɿʲôҲû˵ 

룬һ֪ʲô˵ζ 

ߣ˫ּ䡣 

ô 

ԡ˭ˡ 

㡣 

㣬ʲô»ȥ˵ɡ˵վ [ī] 




















2 

ֻʣĽݷ㣬ᲨѾ֪ȥˣСͯź¡ֻܿ·һһϣкѾûʲôʶ 
һֱһĪУҲ֪ҵôˡϣʲôϣʲôҲҪ 


ţҸæܻҵӣֱס⽣֪쿴Ĳ˵ڣڽҵѽ 

ʲô 

˭ 

˵ˣкᲨˡ⻹ 

˭˭ 

˵ˣôˣ 

ǣǣ 

嵽ҵǰЩ⣬ֻһŪ棬⣬⣬.. 

⣬ǣ˼ֻظĻһһ飬Ҫ˵Լţ⡣ 
Ϊʲô⣬ӵ֮⣬ΪʲôΪʲô 

ְֻһ㶼ڻں޵С 
ǰҲǣҲûлΪʱҲڼĶ㡣һ˿Ĳ㳹ʧܣûκ顣 
˳ٴʵĳǰԵḡ֡ 
һЩɣȻȥġ 
̫ˡ 

ҿû˿ԶҽĻԭġ֪ѾҵѪҺԭЩ˼Ǿҿѹƺı֣ѾҼ޷ܣڿȫĻ䣬֪ĵʵľ 
һ鴤ûоƣϤζףĻǶԵģҲҲƣѾҵյˡ 

УоһɺӵȻڰȫʶ 


һΡҿҵĸ 
һֵˣ飬ҵǰûбֳĸ顣ݵܻῴʧ֪ҵѰһס 
ҺҵףҺõĴ𰸣ҲΪҵòҲҵĸףǸܽ 
ϳĳ˺Ҳҵһֱõԭ 

ҷ·ֻصǸҹҵǰ˵ӣ˹ȥҪǣԸ⡣ 
һĳŵ 

ֿعǸƵҹ˵ң޷Һͱ˽Ҫңһһ 
ʲôһһʲôǱѡ 
λңҲһһ˭˵ǲǱأ 

ҲѰռңǾͲĿաĹϵ̣ףʧȥȨıֻеˡ 

ûعǿӲû޻ڣҲûѡ 
˾Ϊʲô棬Ϊʲô 


ǰĹߺ㣬ҸоЩۣ΢΢ۣŴ 

Ϊʲôһţĵһ仰 

ΪҾ㡣Ѿˣ㲻Ѿȥ׼ײˡ㻹Ǻ֪ʶȤûҵ鷳ˡ 
㾹ȻĲôû˵ 

ô˵أ 
ѵ 

Ҳԡ 
һҩüͷ˵ 
ҩ֪ܿ࣬ҪԣҾ͹㡣 

Щʧܾûˡ 

ôȣҩŵһҲΪġ 

Һȡҩʲôܺأ 

ҧˣҰݸ 

أ 

ǣ 

ѽҩҪǳԵѽ 

㶼ôˣǸʲôҲѾʮˣôСһҩҪǳԣ 
˵ִܽ磬ûнҵ֣Ѿʮˣ֪һġҲоɽиĳĺĺܻơ 

ˣұˮܿ԰ɡ 
ҩҲŵĴͳܸһˮֻ⡣ 

ҩԵˮҩ 

ãáʲôҲˣ˯һ£ҲϢһ°ɣһ˹ 

ʲôһܹѾһҹˣǰǺҶһҹⲡ벻ˡ 

ô˼أ 

ˡ 

ĿЦ˵Ϊʲô 

֪ʱΪʲôΥҵҲһҪµԭˡ 

ʲô 
ƽ˵ 

̫ˣߵÿ˶ҷ֡ 
ҲǸҲġԲҪնеֻлУаȫУſ 
˵ЩЦҵһοҶĽһأޱӡ 

Ҳ֪ⲻʲôЦ顣˵ҶԸ˵ 
ǸõΣԺ󲻽ǡ 

׼ķ 

˵ 

վɰɡ 
ԲӦ䡣УӸһģҪһ¾ڼ᳹׻ġ 

ҲһˣֻЩ鲻ҡ 

һЩܶʼģʵҲľٵҵҵһΰ͸ҵһοԻȥ 

ҵϣκõҲܿ졣˵Ҫҳ׵ôܵĲ˵þͿԺõġ 
ҲоʲôǳҲûпֵ顣 
ᲨǸˣ˭أ 

Σʲôأ 
ǺҶůڻ԰еϢҶ춼˵ѵÿڡ 
Ҳһ۵ˣڱ˶ҵĸоеʱ񣬺ҶעҪˡ 

⼸춼ûм鷿ϰ֣˵Լѧϰҹܵġ 

ҪҰڳһӡ 
ָĸо 

һʲôеŹӣȻΪ˼죬ӦûʲôشĴۣ˵ĻƢͿԿѾûʲôƢˣеֻޱߵκ 
ʱ뵽á 

ãã㲻ϲҲ˵ˡ 
ֱ飬λһǳǡԭʫڵĲ룬ʹһֱĿ¿ʱ֮á 
ȴôҲ޷С 
˰ɣһֱǸᲨ档ȻһٸԼҪǿҵԣ޷еĹеȱݡ 

ȻоˣһʱÿҶҵĶ档 

㾿˭ʵĺࡣ 
ҪװһȵĸоһֱΪǶˣǴֲ⼸ܹ㣬ֹĺ֮ȫͬ 

С֪ʲô 

ҲСˣû˸ҵǰ˵ĻѾҵǰ˺ܶˡ 
Ϊʲôһ᲻أ·һֺ˵ĸоǶֵҲֻƾһѲǿԺƽɫģֻҪѷɫĶˡǿӲ˵ҲûУһӣҲǼٵġ 
㵽˭أ 

һֲֺķûкӣҲ֪ǷҪһӡֵǵĺҶϲعȻͲ˵ˣعԯĸףǸһŮˡ 
ǰӴ䵭Ķ˼ĺҶҲᡣ 

ҵȻһЦ鿴ˣܶࡣҲǹʲôʦףֻҴܶ࣬һƽ˵̬ȶ㣬ίŸĸġ 
ʮ꣬ʮ֣һְ϶᲻Ծı֣ҺãҿԶԺҶ˵Ϊİľ֪Ƿ 

ҽѾʮˣʮϣŵλӸҡ˽¡ 

 
뵽ʲôһֻŵӥȻ˹ģɱʿšһǵڽеһοң⣬龰һ£ֻ˫۾棬۾ģʯһǲᱻκˣκסġ 

һߡ 

ң 
ǲʵЦݡ 
̫ˡ 
ôˣ 
һֱҡ 

ЦûмЦղȴˡҿ˺ܶ飬һֱΪʲôɷϷҲ벩һЦˣˣЦκġ 

ֻ 
ҿźعһĿ⡣Щ̫Ŀζʲôʮֵĵģֻ֣ˣص޷ʰĵز͸¶һ˿һġ 

ͻȻЦˡ 
ΣЦҪ̫š 

Ц룬ҿЦĳ 

ѽֻЦ 

ҶˣֲģҲδϣʲô˵ˣӦֻעһЩͺáҲõġҲвǺ[ī] 























3 

ҹݳǱһȤ˼ңѾţɵƻͨѤõİ裬ȺһƬ˼䡣 

õĲˣҳߡҵѾ̵ӰУᲨӵͬݵˡ 

ﲻƵķ³Ҳһľ¥Բõ㣬ŵϷӲϵĳҲһ¡ 

ʵȴǲƽģ뿴¼ 
ѾȾƣڲļš 

ˣһǰɫ쳤ۣһ㵭ɫɴ 
ֻһΣһΡʵܶʱһǵˣ⣬ûĸɾͶҵҳϣҵһοʱѾ֪ˡ 
ʱƲԼΪʲôǴѪ黽غҲʵĻںޡ 
ҲһظҿЦĴҲƽһں޵Ѿɣûصء 

ĵͤݵʱûױתĳǻʵѾеߵѾ֪ǺϦ 

ĥϾ䣬ֻߡ 
ǵĴơ 
˼Īฺĵͤ· 

鶨 

⣬һɾ꣬Ҵûмɱˣŵһͣ书֪ԶģҲһпܵΨһ飬Ǵ֣Ĵڡ 
һҲֻˡ 

ǰӵкͬգԽԽʾǵĲͬ 

ţͻȻһСūһɫ˿ǰΧ˶ұĽʵ 

ʲô 

ӣᲨӽȾ¡ 

ҿ̨ϵĺᲨӰ棬Цһ£лĻˡ 

лС硣 
ҽӹ˿ǮСͯ¥ 

ķ뵽һӴ󷽣൱̴ľļҾߣûƽİ֣ͨŻƽеĹϡ 
ϲľǻƽְûʺҵĴ֣ 

һԲϰžƲˣԱߵĳϻһûд֡ 

ʮãã 

ֱĿˣְ 

ӣˡᲨ˽ 

 

ҿշת۲Შ֡ 

Ϊβ˵ 

Цҵһλѡ 

Ŷǵҵˡֻǲ֪λںδ 

Ҳ֪ܶûϵˡ 
ǰð˾ƣǵɫģζϤ 

ǽϼƷϴӲһ㣿 

ˣҴӲơ 

ʹȼ𣬹Ҳÿϧ 

ȻӲҲνĿϧ 

Ҳǣǹϲ԰֮գ 

㣬ҴδҵһοᲨȴеߵ 

ȴ޷Ի㡣 

ҿ۾һֺĹ 

ǺᲨȹ֮ 

޳԰׵ָҵգôûĸо 

Შ׷߱ȱȽǣôרעأ 

ӵ˵Цδ̹Ӹ 

Ρ 

㡣ţ֡ 

ȷʵǹˣһû˴־ġ˵ 

ͻȻһСͯ˽ߵＸ䣬һң˳ȥ 

£ʡ 

Ľݷ㹫ȥ 

ҶңȤ 

ֻ¥²ôȤ 

ãǾ͸ˣҹᲨһƲ˵ǼƷ¸ջΣ 

е[ī] 

























4 

֪ҶҲʱ̣һڴõ룬ΧǴڶҽеĿ˶վһԣǰ 
һ˫۾ҳһֱҡ 

ΣǲҪץȥѽ 

Ҳ֡ 
ͺᲨ¥ҶѾվߵߡ 

˵ȥҪҩ 
Ҷ˵ģôоЩҧгݡ 

ᲨǡҶԺᲨһ֡ 

αء 


󣬺Ҷҵǰô廹ûþܵľɫ 

ûбҪ˰ɡ 

˵һҪҵ㣬һȫǵȻҪЩˣһˣһҲΪơ 

飿룬ʲô˼һȫ 

ΣǲǺϲ 

֪˵˭ǺᲨ 

ҲǣҲǡ 

֪쿴Ӿ֪ʵѹΪǺᲨ 
˵ĺɥ 

㻹Ǻϲ˵ӵġˣҶҽѵúܸˣ߻ȥɡ 

ʵҺ㣬쿴˺ᲨѾܸˣĿʿԿκ鶼ãҹĺҶ͸ϲȻ̬ȲǺܺáҲʲôľˣ֮ҹǺġ 

ҲûΪʲôҵĺ档 

Σ˵һļҰɣ֪һʲôļҡ 

ҲԭҲˡ 

ңĸ磬ĸѾˡԴӳĸһֱ汼ҲǺܶûмˣֻдߡ 

Ƕô 

ңӦ˵ðɡ 

ֵȻġοˡ 

ҿЦҡҡͷֵ֮ĸ鲻һ仰һ˿˵ġ 
ҽ˵ҴСǸѧ̵ĺܶණҶѧֻһЩȤĥʱ䡣ȥʱҲʮ꣬͸Źĸĸ 

أ 

ΪһҲˡǲĺأҲ˺ܶꡣ 

ʵڴ֣Ȩǰһˡ 

Ҿͳһ£档һҺȾƵʱʶģʱһݵ꣬ʱǶᡣ 
ٺΪһЩʲô飬Ѿǽʮûмˡ 
ѾȥȻĺܻ硣 
أĽĸһͰˣҲһˣǵӦúܲġ 

ͳЩ꣬û˵ᣬų޽ոǿǵһ˵ġ 

ܶʱ˲˽һˡҲӴ࣬ǵĹϵȴ޷˽ġϿԿһӣҺ֣ܰҲİУ˲֪顣 
һǶ໰ 

ҲʶܾˣǰǼ˵ġ 

ΪҶģҲһʵˡ 

ˣ˵ǧ򲻿ơ 

ˣҲûкȣҺᲨǿǼƷĽϴ 

ϲϴ 

Ψһȹľƣ㣬һ˿ҡ 

֪ʲôƣ 

ƾǾˣʳģӦûһЩʲôİɡ 

Σһסҡǲǳȥ 

¥ȥĵһҷ³ 

Ľϴ 
ԭֻڽػõĹõġǰĽɵʱ򵽽ȡеĲؾƴ˻˵׸ʱ֣ҲعסӴ˽ϴɳҲֻз³ľƣ˼ǲ־ƣΪкǿĴҩ 
εõģ 

ָҵġ 

ɳȥĳ 

ҲⲻܵܵĹܵ˵ġ 

һֱ֣ΪʲôֳľƸܵܣ˵ľǶ֡ĸҲĳҲûʲô˵ġһǸʱսºΣ 

ʱŶʲôѽ 

һֱдţǰ֣عһ̰ɫĻȻôľƣ 

ض̬ȶҽ飬Ҳ֪ӦηӦΩв 

һֱţعˣǾͲĵҪϴˣҲһƵˣĸԸĽȫǵľơ 

ƣƾǾƣʲô䲻ġ 

ǵĸоһϴ˲벻 

ҿֻһӣıһĸоҴҲû˵ңֻνĹȤҺһ 

˵Щˣ˵عһ䴫ŵĻ˽⣬뵱ŵ߽һ־ǽġ 

ǣأ 

˵ʮǰʱѾˣǳġ 

 
ȣҺʱſԷŹԼأ뵽˺Შ 

عߵжôˣһˡ 
˵ĺ 

 
ҲֻԼ֪еζ 

ʵҲһ˵ˣΪҲһϴһˡ 
Цˣһĺӣûļƣûƣûջ󣬵Ǹ˵Ц 

ȴ֪Ӧ˵Щʲô 

ϵʱ򣬴ˣһҩ˵ҪúѾõĲˡ 
˯ˣһֱŽ飬һǺᲨһǺҶһ飬˺ҹ˯š 

峿һѾ԰д򶷵֪סҲȥ 

飬У߶ĵ 
ѾδԭҲǺϲҵĽʵᣬ岻ãҲ͸ˡ 

ųصһԣ͸ڹСĵ㺮ŵĹǴ̿õģÿһжǹǿҼ 

ǰͺҶǿҾͣˡ 

ô͵ѧЦ߽ǡ 

ûУأҲðһƲһߡ 
ҶͣȻ̽ 

飬ôˣʡ 

ͻȻеĽֱָҵüġҶ˼Ľг壬Ҫʲô 

ûж㣬ΪҿҪʲô 

ҶͷĵطͣҹС 

飬ʲô 

뿴֣ԭҵļУΪһˣҺʶһ¸ֹΣع 

壬˵λ书 

ϸĵˣûиҸ֣ɡ񡯺͡عͬҵļֻ֣ع 

Ӧòˣ˼أ 

Ҳᶯġ˵Եġ 

ǻƵ㶯Ϊֹ 
˵Ѿˣ齣ҵüٴν 

Ҳ붯֣Ҳƣһ˳һ֦֦벦Ľֻɾȡʤ 
Ľһתϰҵ֦˹ˣֻиϽҲ˳ת֦㵽Ȼ˿ȥ 
뿪һξ룬ͣˡ 
Ƕ֪ղһȫѾ 

ժҶҲˣֻ͹˺ܶ࣬ϰΪָտڡ 

ҵڶζ֣飬һӮҵɣڶΣҲҪֲ׼ûаܹϣԺҲҪҳˡ 

Ժ󲻻ˣֻ֤ʵһ£ԱˣعҪ糿ϲİٺ࣬ǴӸʰٺϣ˿繱ģЩȻȥ· 

ߣһֱûжĶһ־һʱľҲ֪ʲô֪ǣҵҲֵ򵥡 

Ρ 

Ŷʲô 

ûиҡ 

ûлش𣬳Ľ˵ĽҲƷɽڵĺأܲ 
һֱָһƬҶսҶ˹ 
Ҷ峿¶飬΢΢Ľ 

СΪʲôҪѧΪʲô轣ôеĽΨһôвҵĸ磬ڣӦЩʲôأ 
ûб˱ƵԭαֵҵĽֻǰչֹԸˣһġ 
ֻԼ֡ 
ýҹʱֻԼĹ¶п̹ĵʹΪ 
˽ң̫ˡ 

Ρ 
Ҷץסս֡ 
ôˡ 

 
ҵ۾ȷʵһˮ 

ǰ¡ 

㣬ǰ˽ղ˵ӮԼɡ 
С 

һֱڿУûг 
ЩһʧܣСǰҲ 
ˣ߰ɣ鲻˵ 

ΣԺɡӲϲ֣㣬ͲԼˡ 

߰ɡ 
ҵΪĻЩʡĻ飬һֿεĸоǰЩвֲʵĻþףǸʲôأ 

͵ʱûֻҺͺҶ 

ĵģûʲôʳǸʰٺϺɿڣ˼ڡ 

Եĺ١ҡ 

θڲáȥˣ 

ЩҪ飬Բڡ 

֪ʲôȥ 

ȥϷһɳһЩȥ⡣ 

æ 

ˣ»ɽׯп 

ãæ 

Щ죬ҿֲܻʱԼҪȥߵʱѾˣҪҺúչ㡣 

лҲίʵûеطȥ 

͹һطˣյ¿ģֽ̺ţܳһʱûдˣһֱûпգҲдЩд̫࣬ع϶֪Щּģѱ 
ѾƽϢҲиˡ 

»ɽׯׯŮһϹܼҡҲ֪ĿʲôܸоǸŮӿҵ۹дһЩ͵ĳޡ 

һҹҵţҿź󣬷ĽݼҵϹܼҡûҵǰ˵һֱûעĴڡ 

ôˣŹˡ 

ҿ 
˼² 

ǣɷݡ 

ÿţпϣһֱңû˵ʲô·ڴĦҡҲû˵ֻǶԺȲ衣 

ӣˡֱԣѾӲǷˣҶԹӵӴĦڵʱҲ˵Щʲôڣ˵ҲҪ˵ˡ 
ȻĽݼҵĹܼңɸϵĴСҲ 

ˣҴô˼˵ 

ҲҲİ׼ŭЩݡ 

ӣʱգտʼʱ岻ãҲ˵ЩʲôڣסôãҲӦãӦã 

Ӧˣǲǡ 

ͨ죬ҲЩѹ 
ĽݼºܣĵˣΪסʱġ 

ǣȻ˵ˣǵȻӹӵԸ 

㲻 

ʶˣƽЩСġ 

˵ֱ׳Ѿ顣 
ʲôˣ˼ң㲻ֿ̱ˣҪ˵ˡ 

ȣһûˣɥ 
㹫Ӿܻˡ 

ҶҪף 

ôǶûк˵ 

ûС 

»ɽׯСͷ㹫Сףη㹫ӱҪڳϮĴֺС飬ɾ죬㹫Ӿܻˡ 

ǣйأ 

ΪѵĿ˿ңǿͷǻش 
Ȼ㹫Ӿܻл𶯣ҲҶΣҪǴȥ㹫Ϊһ˶ܾ˻ԼպĽݷڽϾЦ 

˼Ҷܼɻ䣬 

Ůӣǵǵ˫ˣɹȴжôҲ 

𣿿ֻΪ˶飬仹ûʲô˿Զ˵ĸΪһЦԻٺɽأ 

ãߡ 
Ҷ֪ĴңվǺ쳾ˣΪһķһ 
ԭڵѾӽƽԭδԶ롣 
ҲܾҶвΪǵĹϵʲô˵ģЩҲֻϴ֣ĹЩװУǳ˶ĺͲ˼顣ǿҹΪֻһǲҪΪ֮飬ǻƶġ[ī] 















5 

ҾˣûϹܼҸӣֻ⽣ԭӾһЩӡʱȥкԶԶľͿҶΧסغҶҲУȻߣ;ȻЩԣһҾͳݳǣҶºܿķ˳ǣڳ⿴ٿһۣҼߡ 
عɽȹ̣ҵĹѾˣɡ 
ڿʼһ·ˡ 

ƥ·Ҳ࣬ȵĳǳ裬ѾǰºˡشԭǷĸ㡣ҵһμʶ֣ɽķھǣǵڶˡ 
˳ǣһҾ¥һ㣬¥ٽֵǳģҼˬţͽȥˡ 
úСңҪʲôˡ 

ܽؼ㣬ˡ 

͹ٿҪƣϺõļƣӺ죬Ҷ࣬ 

һЦ绹Ҫ·ƾˣˮ 

һ£ҿϴ𵽣ã͹롣 

ߺҿ档Ƕ¥һ㱻ȫǲȥġ 
Ϊ֣бҪܵģΪһͨƽҲҪбܵģԣʵǲڵġ 

治һᣬˣ豭˱裬ʼ 
˵ζãЩ壬ҵθڻҪӦЩˡ 

¥֣Щ˽һЩ飬ϷˮɽԼЩʹĻ䣬Ҳֻǲ෹̸ʣЩп 
ʱ飬飬ҶҲ˺Შ֪ǹءÿ˾еǣҲ֪عôڵǻʲôأ 
ں˼룬¥һ¥¥Ŀˡʲôˣôļӡ 

߹ȥֿʼǷ׷̸۸ղŵˡ 

˵ĺӵܶϿƸտȡĽʿء 

ʲôӺµġ 

ôֵ֣ 

Ͻյܣԭˡ 

ԭյܣͷС֪һЩûӦûûذɡ 

ˣԭյĵܵܣ統СɽˮԶҲꡣȥһοƿҿѡĽʿӺµĲ书ֻôǺӵܶʵ̫ǳûʲôʵʾ飬֡ 

Ǽ˵ôˣ 

ǷɿڣһѴʵأӺεܶǰξΪκӲˣʵҲ˻ǽɽǺˮģǣȣ 

֣ˣĪ̸£Ī̸£ʺϳΣ 

ҼŶعٵѻǺܴġλʮ꣬ܶĽάһЩƽѣعǾҪƸ۵ˡ 

˵ţ¥һž¥ӺºϳΪҼʱԶԶĿһۣȻǺУٴҪϳҲѡȷʶң˵ʱͷ̧ͷңҲϸ˵£벻ҡ 

һֱЩһյӢһЩϾûоս˺ɱӢġ 
ҲоҵĿ⣬ҵĿûкϡ͸գ۾ûнģһһ˫ն۾ 

뵽գ̾˿գɻá 

ջĿ⣬оԼԵĲˣղЩ׼ȥһ˷ɿϵĽˮҲһºɽ׳ӵ̾ԣҲǰȫġ 
ʰʣվȴĿӺ¾ߵߡûдۣһû˶ߣɱסˡ 

Ǵʱ˵ 

ûͣҲ֪Ϊʲôҿһ۾ߵҵߣ֪ĳһѱϳ 

¥ݿڻǱױֹסˡ 

ÿ 
֪ʱǺΣյģɶϰһʱԽ 

ûжҼǰߣЩױѾѵ˳ҵĽ˿ûжǽмһ֪ʲôͷ׶֡ 

ʱӺסҡ 
ӿɷ¥һ 

Ҳʶ㡣 

αؾǧ֮⡣ 
˵겻ɷ˵¥˦֣£ʹҲѲ¥⣬򣬽ҳ 

¥ּʹǱڳĶݸĹԱǶһ־ĿעǡʱоӺµˣ˦֡ 

һۣҲûʲôһĶ 

λ˺ãӺµһμλˡӺη֮ʡҲλô꣬ŴɴԣҲժɴŸλϣλԾĽѹء 
ãԾڴˣϣǻؼ׼һ£˳̫ҵɿڣλ˻صԵأҪغѲ̡ 
ڽӷ磬Ҳ˰ɣȴҹһ칦硣 

Щ˼Ѿ˵Ҳûʲô˵ģ͸ɢˣ̫Ҳȥ׼̼䣬¥ʣˣױҲ˳ȥ 

ͰһˣҸղŵĲˣģ⻹ģҲĺܾϸ 

ӣԭҵ±çһ棬͹ӽѡ 

ѾԱˡ 

ӣղһֱڿңȻҿʱĿûעң֮ǰһֱڿң˵֪Һ֪Ϊʲô 

ֻǴ 
˵¥ 

Ѿ֪˭ˡ 

Σ 

ΣĵӲСҺϲĸԡϣԺΪѡҪΪʲôԭ໰ˣɼ̲ס˵ 
Ĳ㣬Ĳ˲ 

˵ԻͻȻЦˡ 

ЦĺܺÿʵӦþЦġ 

˹ȥĶ档 

ƣ 

ҴӲơ 

ǿϧˣӻǺһЩȽջԡ 

˵ȴо⡣ 
Ӻ£֡ 

ԣҽӺ£أ 

ع 

֣ 

ռ 
ûƭ֮ǰ֣Ϊ 

ãǾʶˡ 

һĹӣƽ̹ҸģһͺҶơ 

ȥ¿ƽʿ 

ǣʱǲԼʮ꣬ѾԪˡԵԵʱһ˵ʱ֣عס 

ʲôӵģ 
Щš 

װֵģӺܸ̬ԼʮңۣԵĺϡ 

ǿá 
֪Цʵһ˳ĺݵģʹǸˣҲû˵ӡ 

ʲôõġ 

и 

ͻȻҡҡͷ⻰ɲ˵Ҫиô͸ԪأһҪע⡣ 

һġ 
ҵһ򵥶ûͼĸо˵ɡҴûпԺȾ̸ѣӺ¸ĸо 

ˣعҾͲڳˣΪպҵ㣬ܸҪȥ 

Ҫɿȥ 

ȥʲôҲҪȥ 

˵̰ȥʶһ¡ 

ǺΣյġ㲻Ҫȥˡ 

ҪǾˣԭһƬ󣬲ûаȫĵطġôΪӵܶԴû 

Ȼǡ 

־ӣЩЦ 
ô͢һ¿ƵĽʿίأ 

˿ң˼һ¡ 
Ϊû˽˰ɣӵǣ̫ˡ 

ҵͷסһҲһףû˽˳ȻԷſֽţҲû˾İ 
δСʣȻǷϸģӺӢۣ쵶Ǻ죬ɻỵµġعУⷽ滨Ҫ˺ܶ࣬Ϊʲôعʲô壿 
漴뵽ѲλȻıҲĹˣλʱҲδжģڷ񲻹ա 

㲻ҵʦүô˵ЩҲǵġ 

ˣǷɿټ 

ãռ 

ҵһοһȫͬڹȥˣûκѹĳ죬һĺӣû׵ķš 
һѴҪˡ 


Ͻˮž춯صƱڶ£ʹվںӰҲΪľĶǡ 
ˮأԶķ羰֡ 
ĺɽ 
ӵɽʮ꣬Ҳǵһο׳档 

ϳҾӺһˣӺڷƢ 

Щأô 

ˣش˶ñҪһѴм죬ңˮǺܶ࣬Ӧòʲô֡ 

㻹ĸĸ٣򵥵κҲ֪ѴʲôʱҪǿˮǿεˮѾ˹ٱˮʮַ㣬ԣҪдˮˣЩ˻ﲻ֪飬ڸʲôأ 

ˣ˵ƾƾһԤ⣬ǾͶվټҰǨ顣ûˮ˵Уĵ̰ҲˮõģǾ˿ڣҲû¡ȻܶҪָӣˡ¹Դ 

ĺˮҪˣҿ϶ڡҪǨưգΪ˱סҪ浽˺ˮˣˡ 

ˣҪǨƣǷɿԱߵļؿ϶ΪʲôȥǨİգǨġֱǲҪľ˿ڣİջˣʱɾǴ˵ĩˡ 

ǳףڿ˿̰ӵơǵ̰ˮԾĵطÿҲҪĵطӺΪʲôǨƳİأ˵ＴʹǾ˿ڣҲ͵ѵǣ 
ڿ̣ˮӶѹԱ֤̲ڡ 
Ӻš 

㣬 
̫شˣܶ 

ˣһУʩʹϽļˣҲס㡣 

ʮ꺮ƳӦԣɴƾµģƾʲôϵ 

Ǵ˵£˵κӵ¡ 

ã˵κӣҵҲִУ 

ˣǵÿˡȡ֣¹Ҫˡ㡣 
˵꣬תˡ 

عڿʲô 

Ӻ·߷߲ƽĿıӰңΪҲų̫ء 

ǺӲҶײ㡣 

ѽǸù٣Ӳ̰ƣʹҲǼͽıڡΪ̫֮أȻȡٺ»һӡΪٺǰûʲôѱڱУʲôҲ¡Ǹù٣Ϊʲôͺҹȥأ 

Ѵڻжã 

һ£졣ҹдˡ 

ҾҲ뿴˼ı䣬ϱûʲôԴһùپͿ 

Ӻ£ҹųפٱİȫߡߵļʹշҲߡһˣڴȴ쿪ʼҩȺһըȱڡǸ̫ҪһȻֱնɱ⽣Ϳԡ 

˵꣬⽣ 

ʲô㣿 

Ǹù٣ 

㣬˭ 

Ҿ֪ʣΪĻһ˿˵ġ 

Ҫʡ 

ңģɻתΪȻ 
ԭ㣬ԭ㣬Ӿ¥ϵʱҾӦ֪ˡ 

΢ЦǼģҼ֣Ҳ̬һӡ 

Цˡ 
ѣûоȣҲûĺͣ־塣 

ҹģŭԹݡӲƵ뿪Լ˺ܶļʵǲ飬ﲻûˮ 

ܶˣѽ 
̫عڴϣö֡ 
Ϊһĸĸ٣Ҫƽѽ 

˰ա 

ˣȥἤġ 
Ӻµױǵǡ 

̫شˣȥˮһһڣԭʹһƬ֮ˡҪȫ֡ 

ҲѽҲܲ˼ѽ 

ۿѾĲɿнָ̫صǰ 
Ƕʱ˵ˡ 

˵Լû˽ģҲһ֮ͽԼӮСյĳ羴˵ʲôһƽҪǾˣԭж֮УЩ 
ô꣬ʥ˵ĵûᣬԴԼ˽ˣϿԲ죬ɽ𢣬¿գΪ٣Ҫã 

Խ˵ԽϿԲ죬ɽ𢣬¿գΪ٣˵˳ڣΪ٣ΪѵЩѾ˵ģЩѵʵġ 

ֲԾľǰݡ 

Ҫоסҡ 

ǣҶ 

Ӻ¶еĽ 
ѾҸˣնɱ͢ôҲ˵ȥ 

Ҷôˡ 

þãڻҵˡ 

عˣﻹ̫Σˣ߰ɣ˿ѡģҲϿԲ죬ɽ𢣬¿յģʹҪҲҪֹ֮סˮģڽˡ 
յҵĶߡ 
Ѿɳ̽Сġ 
±ء 

Ӻǧһֹ֮סҷоʱףԭеһֲͷ㡣 
ع˵ģֻҪСܳһֱɱġв̶һ˵˳߲ 
ղŶ̫ҲҵԸӵлԡ 
ҿ˺ҶǶݵĿ⣬Ҳһжȥˡ 


ϾУⲻʱͬҶ̣ӳպɻ졣Σʫɺá 

ǰĺᲨźʳأʫ 
ãĲⲻҲûе£ңڵĺɻûпЦŴ 

ǰķܺãֻصݡ 
Ҷ˵һҪһصΪǷġû˵ʲôֻ֪黹ûл 
ǴڳϺҶס˵ңѾˣͬνѾһ¹ȥˣҶһֱҡ 
ӻƽ 

ЩʲôʱԳѽǾͿԵദˡ 

ҿŲԶĺҶҿʱĿƵ˱𴦡 
һҳŵʱ򣬺ҶôҲҪţֲӲҪӣҲֻ 

Ҳðߡ 

 

ֻǿ羰̸ʫ죬˴ǡᲨҪ̫ġ 

֣ҵһֱϲҲᡣעѰеһˡ 
ҲܳԵĿ 
ҿʼЩ˽⸸ĸܣҵִϣľܵġ 

ͻȻᲨֳ˻ȥתӣźɳء 
ҴС԰ʦѧա뷹ÿһ˶Ǵġ⼸ܾ˼ĿѣʹһС 

ҵҲߡ 

ҾһһҪΪߵ档ԣЩ꣬Ұ˹ԭҲݣģһͳģԭҵ룬ͷơ 

ǺᲨӦõġ 

ǡ 
תң۾еһЩԡ 
ЩƾµģеһжΪһԭΪҳһˡ 

˵ĵزѾˡ 
һοĿЦΡ 
ϵûʲôԵֿԣõһֱǱ˾Ĳ߻µı 

Ի㣬 
ҸĽϴѾ˺صҩһҲûкȣʹҲǡǲǿģֻĽݼҰ㱣̫ˣҳƭȾûбķ 

ΪʲôҪ˵ 

Ѿܲˣܲڿҵͬʱһˡܲ㿴ֻҿǸ˵Ӱ 

ԭΪûʲôÿο۾ҷ֣ܵԻĴͷβֻһ˶ѡ 

عףԭҲƺƣΪЩҵвֵһᡣ 
ʹԯӣʹ۹𣬿ҵУҿֻǸƷϴһΡ 


ʯϣȫûаֵ 
ʲô㣿ȥǲŹġ 

ᲨһˣѾעͱĲܻԼ 

һֹ񣬻ȥ 

ʱҵѾҡһ˻˵ڻƭҡҲӱƵļһС 

վǰ 

Შҵϲ㡣ҲΪЩʲôϵأ 
ĴȻסˡ 
ǰһΣǴϣģЩͬ 

ЦˣôˣᲨ㲻ϲΪʲô 

ҵȻϰĺҶŵ˵ǰļ飬ֲƿҡ 

ˡ 
ǺҶңҽסҡ 

һֱźᲨɫ糺죬٣ûκηӦ壬һˡ 

ᲨʵҪԻҺףŲţҪңھ͸㡣ҲںǷǹ컯գҲںûˡ 

˵ĺʲôǵʲôƷĽϴʲôˣǱĶࡣ 

Ҹ㣬ϴҵоǴƣʲôҲǡ 

ҵһκǾһҹҵĿĺܼ򵥣ջûڶκΪұҵɩӣ޷ʹ࣬ҪߵƽеĿ־塣κΪɱҵֿѣĴΪŨҵľƵѪ 

ĴΣһֻȹĴΡ 

ԭһɢģôҲϷŹңȻҵˡ⣬۾Ҳ 

Ҳɱ㣬ֻΪ㳤̫⣬᲻á 
ȥӣʲôҶ¡ 

УᲨһܴص㣬Ҵԭκˣһ˵ңڵĻҲûСɸղ㣬ô죬ǸĻᣬûץס 

ˣⱲӲټ㡣 


ң糺콥Ϊ԰ףг˵һμʱ䡣 
̫ˣȻѾңҲûʲô˵ġҲ빫ԼһԼݣѾԭǸˡ 

Ȼԯعס 

ʲô 
ĺҶԵˡ 

ãߣ֮ǰֻ㣬ϲ㡣 

ҿ̵ʹ࣬·Ҹһ 

ţᲨҲϲ㡣 
Զԭ㡣 


Ҷôһ仰ҲûУҸջʲôˣ 
ҡ 

Ƿ紵˰ɡ 
ҸҶ˱裬ݸ˹ȥ 

ô졣 

֪µѾˣҲûʲôþȵġ 
Ҳ֪ҲסˡҵŻǣġ 

У㲻ߡ 
Ҷſǻ˵˵ҵߣסҡ 

Ҳ֪ô죬ҶᣬҲҵıմȾϡƿ 

ҲѾˡ 
Ŀҡ 

ʲô 

ûʲôǳЩЩ˯˰ɡ 

㵽ʲô 
ı̫˸Ϊ˲Ԥס 

ɱععǰδ 

ʲô 
ϢҼܳܵġ̫ѾľԭʱӺҲΪع濴ĲܣҲһԭ򣬾ǵʱعˣûп 

Ľô·ء 
飬ûзŹԼҲûзŹңеһжѾƺõġֻҲֻ֮һ 

˭Ҳġ 

书Ϊʲô 

ҲаֲأҲŵЦҿԲܶġ 

ҿ˿죬̫Ѿ£ϼ졣 
ҲͲˡȻط飬˵ɡ 


ҹʮ壬һԲ֮ҹҹʵ˯ţԾڻ԰Уֶ˵Բ¡ 

֪û˯㡣 
ǺҶ 
㣬ǣ 

ҿȻЦˡ 
ǣҵԯعסܱǸԭƭġˮ 
Ҹһ衣 

ҵĶ档 
ûˡ 

ʧ 

ǡ 

 
Һһˮ 

ɱǸĸ磬 
ûмҵĻ⡣ 

ǣɱҵعʵϣҵĴعˡ 

Ϊʲô侲 
Щ 

Ҫһģһ 

ͻȻץסҵ֣û˵ʲô 
ҿЦŰ֡ 

` 

ԭȸҽеǼٵġҲ֪ôģֻ˵ġ 

ǣʵġһЩͬģϲŵĴ̿͡ 
ҲУҲһĻɡ 
ôأƼɩնɱ̫󣬱Ʒֳʲô޵ʲôȾ 
ʮ꣬Ψһסֻкһꡣ 

㣬˹ȥ¿ʼ 

ԾͲˡԣҲˡǶǿǹȥˡ㣬Ҷ㻹ᣬҪ㣬ڳ֮͢ǰ߰ɡ 

ҲߣҪһ 

֪˼Ҳ֪꣬ô 

С 

֪飬ʵЩ¶ҽֻû˵֣ 
ΪʲôǵʧȥԺ󣬲֪ҪʲôΪʲôھͰס 
Ұ㡣 
ҴΪĸе֪Ҳ޷ӣҵĸϵġ 
ӽŵˣҵҪԼԣô룬Ҳ㡣 
ôϴҵУԶĽϴ˲벻 

ҿᶨ۾Զ̽ҵС 
һĸо 

֮ʵĲп֤ʵȷعȷѾˣعץһȥȻΪҺͳ͢ͻҲĴ㡣 

عһԼңعŹšʵһҵʵĿġ 

˺ҶȻߣ 

峿ĿԶµģһžͿҵˡ϶װĽա 
ǰѳɷ̣ǰȻ 
ǵȴ׵ĵߵˣǽ֮ţعʱҲһԱ½ 
Ĵθȣμˡ 
Ҳ֮ˣĴкսΥˡ 

ʱңԶĸ¥ϴһΣң 

Ȼף֪ҶС 


һ·ϣҲûж໰Ҳܵ 
һйУ˰˵Ӻµ֪ˣлл 

ӺǸţȺȵҲʵڿϧ 
ҿһۡ 
Შɳİɣֻ˽⣬عʵ̫ġأѾ˿ 

ǡ 
 

Ѿ֣ˡҵְɣʵʱڽҸ˵Ļм٣ȫװġ 
عԭǹ䣬ͨҪѺǰҲûʲô˵ġ 

Զǳ¡ 

㡣 


عûмңֻȻҷԭ޹ٴλǰһһľϤ߻ˣҵһһܵ˼ӡ 
ʵѾϰˣҲҲȻ 
ÿϰߺԭһд֣飬ΪѾȴǰµʱֻһŻһǽ԰еĺҶ 

Ҵҹȥعûмҡ 
ڼعÿڵɱ鲻һˣҲÿ춼עعһһûж֣Ҳöֻ޼ʵĿ־Ƕĳͷɡ 
ֱһ죬عеľ䣬һ֪ʱĽݷ㵱ˡ 
ΪҵʱعڿϼˣĲǰ 
ҼѾϲˣȫû뿪ʱķɣֻһ߿£ʹҵĸǸһʱ̫λ̫ 
ңҽеǰеȫ˳ȥ 

㣬Ҳߡ 

ҿһʮкӣһ˲һЩã̫عˣǷһֵ¡ 

塣 

ʲô 

ڽ㣬㻹ûмɣ㣬걻㱧ڻ㡣 

ôˡ㡣 

ǵĻŵĺǶ֪عѾľͷ 

߰ɣҺع˵Ự 

ǡһۣȶͷˡ 
Ǵģһο˹Ϲĵҵǰֺϡ 

ΪʲôһҪʳĻ 
ң 

ǣǡ 
ǸҲҼ㣬ԣ 
ҪѾٲ˵Ҳûлˡ 

ҡҡͷ 
ʲô˵ģǲġߵʱ˵ʲô 

¶ã顣 
˵Ұھ꽨Ĺ԰úһ˵صԭΪʲôҪĹ԰ 

Ѿˡ 

ѾˣһѼˡ 

ߣ 

кãѾˡ 

磬ûиоǶʹ߳Ļڴ֣ģҵĹΪ㶨һġ 
һְɣ뵽ģֻǱǸ뵽Щɡ 
ڸղţҿ㣬ȴŵĶʹĸ죬ҿ̨ϣ⽣һж˵ʵ·ôûй 
ϹĵҵǰֺϣظĶᴩЩڴ֣ȫ 

㣬߰ɣ㲻ġ˼̫ˡ 

 

عףҵ衣 

ҿȴͻȻ˾κˡ 

㣿 

̫Ըġ 

Ϊʲô̫ѡң 

Ҳ֪ܡѾɱĸףΪ̫ӵĵʹˡ 

Ҿš 

ŪȨ㻹СҲֻʮꡣֻүˡӲĹȦݣ¹٣ȨȫǻʱֽˣһҸһʮĺӣ롣 
ʵҲңδɽһҲ 
һڼ尾ʵһ 
ĽŹңǺŹԼ 
ѵվõֻһ 
˵ұ㣬ӵй۾ŵĵطԶûжҲ֪㵽ʲô˺鵱˵ 

Ҳ 

ǸˣĽݷ㣿 

һ˵Ҳ룬Ҷʲôأ 
ֻ԰ҶŽİ𣬾꣬İ 

عף֪ʲôǰ 

ڤ˼룬̾һˣˣҲǶ֪ 

ɳ˴֣ǵõҲɣֻ˺ѾϰһУΪ˲ήҡʵعҲĸһЩɡ 

ȥҵĽݷ㣬°Ȼصһλõġ 

ϣ֣عݱʮ̫ԯǻ 

Ҿ߳ġٴλ׿֣ʱΡĹĺУӰӰ´µģС 

ɥԶģûбҪһʹġ 
ҵĸףĸĸף磬磬ⶼˣڵҵǹ¼ҹһˡ 
ʲô 


¥ 

¥Զǿϲĵطܶ£еļκĽӴھ¥ 

ֵһ˵˵ŵĽݷ㣬ĽݹǷΣ书һòǶٹ˰ 

ĽݹӿȢޣ 

⵽û˵˵ǰΪһλ˾ܾ»ɽׯС㡣 

»ɽׯĴС㣬ǿֵһѽĽݹӵ۹Ҳ̫ˡ 

ҲҲĽݹӵλ˿ǵ˫ˣĽݹ׺ҲͲűˡ 

˫ˣ룬ڲ԰ݣɫƣ˵ˣֻҵİ榲˫ء 

뵽ʣǰ˸ˡ 

ӣҪϴǵ֣רŴӽġ 

ҴӲơ 

֪ΪòΣܳΪҵͯ 

Ҷôˡ 

ҵ֣꣬ġ 

˵ʲôˣ 

˵ҴߣȻʱҳΪˣ㺣ģµɽա 

Ϊҵˣ 

˵㲻κ˵ģȻȨҲ޷õ㣬õҺˡ 
ӣԸ 
ȥ 

ȥ̫ɣ㿴ҵļˣ 

Цˣµһ 

Ҷ 

أʲô£ 

ʵ㳤ĺһ㣬ɲҵǵˡ 

Ҽ˵ 
ҲҲǰ榣ΪʲôҪظ˵Ĺأ 

ҲȻҺ͸ǵɽ֪ҵĺɽ飬ΪЩ˵Ĵ˵ҵģ 




       ãصС˵ www.27txt.com ӭȥŶݵ㡣վԴȫתԻ֧棬ȨУ